布朗运动的定量分析与讨论  

Quantitative Analysis and Discussion on Brownian Motion

作　　者：陈含爽 CHEN Hanshuang(School of Physics and Optoelectronics and Engineering,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学物理与光电工程学院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《安庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第3期98-100,108,共4页Journal of Anqing Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11875069);安徽大学骨干教师培训计划(J01005106)。

摘　　要：布朗运动是热学教学中气体动理论的重要内容,大多数教材将布朗运动作为分子热运动的引入部分。该研究通过求解朗之万方程给出布朗粒子速度和位置的统计规律,以及速度和位置的分布函数,从而定量讨论布朗粒子的扩散现象。布朗运动的讨论有助于学生对气体动理论以及统计理论的深入理解。Brownian motion is an important part of gas kinetic theory in the teaching of thermal physics. In most of textbooks, Brownian motion is the introduction of molecular thermal motion. By solving the Langevin equation, the statistical laws of the velocity and position of Brownian particles, as well as the distribution functions of the velocity and position, are given in this paper, so that the diffusion phenomenon of Brownian motion is quantified. The discussion of Brownian motion is helpful for students to understand the theory of gas dynamics and statistical theory.

关 键 词：布朗运动 朗之万方程 爱因斯坦-斯莫卢霍夫斯基关系 扩散 

分 类 号：O55[理学—热学与物质分子运动论]