马铃薯锌营养特性及锌生物强化技术研究进展  

Advances on nutritional characteristics of zinc and zinc biofortification in potato

作　　者：杜平 赵竹青[1,2] 宋波涛 刘新伟 DU Ping;ZHAO Zhuqing;SONG Botao;LIU Xinwei(Microelement Research Center,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学微量元素研究中心,武汉430070 [2]农业农村部马铃薯生物学与生物技术重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2021年第4期36-43,共8页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD020080104)。

摘　　要：锌是植物和人体必需的微量元素,锌缺乏是全球公共健康问题。在马铃薯主粮化背景下,探讨马铃薯锌营养特性及锌生物强化技术手段对实现马铃薯富锌、改善人体缺锌状况具有重要意义。本文从马铃薯锌营养功能、马铃薯产区土壤锌状况、育种以及农艺强化技术等方面进行了综述和展望,提出锌对马铃薯生长及产量和品质形成具有重要作用,农艺强化是目前马铃薯锌营养强化主要技术措施,育种强化需要进一步发掘利用优异种质资源,旨在为科学利用锌生物强化技术实现马铃薯富锌提供一定的理论依据。Zinc is an essential microelement for plants and human body.For a long time,zinc deficiency has been a global public health problem and one of the important factors leading to human disease and death.At present,more than 2 billion people worldwide are facing the health problems caused by zinc deficiency.The population of zinc deficiency in developing countries is particularly serious,and there are as many as 100 million zinc-deficient populations in China.76%zinc in human body comes from plant food,and low content of zinc in crops is an important cause of zinc deficiency in human body and various symptoms of zinc deficiency or diseases.Therefore,eating natural zinc-rich plant foods is considered to be the basic way to solve the problem of zinc deficiency in human body.Potato is the fourth largest food crop in the world following rice,wheat and corn.It has high yield and rich nutrition.It is cultivated worldwide and is one of the important food sources for human beings,it also has great potential in zinc biofortification.In 2015,China began to implement a potato staple food strategy,aiming to ensure the national food security and adjust the dietary structure of the residents to promote human health.In this context,it is of great significance to study nutritional characteristics of zinc and zinc biofortification in potato to achieve zinc-rich potatoes,and then to improve human zinc nutrition and health through dietary supplements.The nutritive function of zinc in potato,the status of soil zinc in potato production areas,breeding and agronomic fortification was summarized and prospected in this article.It is proposed that zinc plays an important role in growth,yield and quality formation of potato.Agronomic fortification is currently the main technical measure for fortifying zinc nutrition in potato.Breeding fortification requires further discovery and utilization of elite germplasm resources to lay a good germplasm foundation for producing zinc-rich potatoes.

关 键 词：马铃薯 锌缺乏 富锌马铃薯 锌生物强化技术 马铃薯主粮化 农艺强化 育种强化 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学] S572