饲料中添加红曲米对红白锦鲤幼鱼生长、体色及生化指标的影响  

Effects of dietary red koji rice on growth performance,body colour and some hematological and hepatopancreas biochemical indices of juvenile red-white koi carp Cyprinus carpio

作　　者：崔培 尚东维 刘文军 孙金辉 CUI Pei;SHANG Dongwei;LIU Wenjun;SUN Jinhui(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China;Tianjin Goho Fish Breeding Company Limited,Tianjin 301811,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院水产学院,天津市水产生态及养殖重点实验室,天津300384 [2]天津市嘉禾田源观赏鱼养殖有限公司,天津301811

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2021年第4期595-602,共8页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：天津市自然科学基金(18JCQNJC84300);天津市科技计划项目(18ZXBFNC00210);天津市教委科研项目(2019KJ033)。

摘　　要：为研究饲料中添加红曲米对红白锦鲤Cyprinus carpio幼鱼生长、体色及部分血液和肝胰脏生化指标的影响,试验配制5种饲料,分别添加红曲米0(对照)、0.5、1.0、1.5、3.0 g/kg,选择初始体质量为(8.79±1.80)g的红白锦鲤幼鱼450尾,随机分为5组,每组设3个重复,每个重复30尾,投喂56 d后停喂含红曲米的饲料,采用不添加红曲米的基础饲料继续投喂14 d,养殖周期共70 d,在试验的第56天时取样检测生长、生化指标,分别在停喂红曲米饲料的第0、7、14天时取样检测体表色度指标。结果表明:在饲料中添加红曲米能显著提高试验鱼的增重率、特定生长率及饲料效率(P<0.05),且显著降低试验鱼血糖含量及血清中谷草转氨酶(AST)活性(P<0.05);红曲米添加量为1.5 g/kg时,试验鱼谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),当红曲米添加量过高(3.0 g/kg)时,试验鱼肝胰脏丙二醛(MDA)含量显著升高(P<0.05),而不同水平的红曲米对超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性无显著性影响(P>0.05);添加1.0 g/kg红曲米的饲料能显著提高试验鱼体表a*值和皮肤中类胡萝卜素含量(P<0.05),停喂红曲米饲料7、14 d后,1.0 g/kg组试验鱼体表a*值仍显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究表明,在饲料中添加红曲米能有效提高红白锦鲤幼鱼的生长性能,降低其血糖含量,改善体色,建议添加量为1.0 g/kg,可维持14 d。A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary red koji rice on growth performance,body colour and some hematological and hepatopancreas biochemical indices of juvenile red-white koi carp Cyprinus carpio.The red-white koi carp with body mass of(8.79±1.80)g were reared in a plastic tank and fed basic diet(control group)and supplemented with red koji rice at a dose of 0,0.5,1.0,1.5,and 3.0 mg/kg diet for 56 days,and then fed the diet without red koji rice for 14 days at water temperature of(25.0±1.0)℃.Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 30 juvenile koi carp.The results showed that the fish fed the diets supplemented with red koji rice had significantly higher weight gain(WG),specific growth rate(SGR),feed efficiency(FE)and lower glucose concentrations and aspartate transaminase(AST)activity(P<0.05).There was significantly higher glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX)activity in the fish fed the diets containing red koji rice of 1.5 g/kg,and significantly higher malondialdehyde(MDA)concentration in the fish in the high dose red koji rice group(3.0 g/kg)(P<0.05).No significant influence of the dietary red koji rice levels on superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)activities was observed in the hepatopancreas of the fish fed the diets containing red koji rice(P>0.05),with the maximal a*value and carotenoids concentration in the skin of the fish fed the diet containing red koji rice at dose of 1.0 g/kg.The fish fed the diet containing red koji rice at dose of 1.0 g/kg had significantly higer a*than those animals fed the basal diet did(P<0.05),even 7th or 14th days after all the fish fed the diet without red koji rice.In conclusion,the findings indicated that dietary addition of red koji rice led to improve growth performance,and adjust glucose concentrations,with significant impact on the body colour of juvenile koi carp and the optimal level of 1.0 g/kg under this experimental conditions.

关 键 词：锦鲤 红曲米 生长 体色 血液生化指标 肝胰脏生化指标 

分 类 号：S963.73[农业科学—水产养殖]