东南太平洋智利竹筴鱼渔场时空分析与资源丰度的预测  

Spatial and temporal analysis and stock abundance prediction of Chilean jack mackerel Trachurus murphyi in fishing ground in Southeast Pacific

作　　者：丁鹏 邹晓荣[1,2,3,4,5] 白思琦 张鹏 DING Peng;ZOU Xiaorong;BAI Siqi;ZHANG Peng(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for National Distant-water Fisheries,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai 201306,China;National Distant-water Fisheries Engineering Research Center,Shanghai 201306,China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Oceanic Fishery Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]远洋渔业创新中心,上海201306 [3]大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [4]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [5]农业农村部大洋渔业资源环境科学观测试验站,上海201306

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2021年第4期629-636,共8页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：东南太平洋公海竹筴鱼资源专题研究(D-8002-13-8004E2);上海市重点学科建设项目(S30702)。

摘　　要：为开展东南太平洋智利竹筴鱼Trachurus murphyi渔场的时空分布研究,根据2011—2018年间4—8月中国大型拖网渔捞数据和海表面温度(SST)、海表面盐度(SSS)、叶绿素a浓度(Chl-a)和海表面温度异常值(SSTA)数据,采用系统聚类和神经网络对智利竹筴鱼集群重心的时空变化及其与海洋环境之间的关系进行了研究。结果表明:根据2011—2017年相同月份集群重心的平均值,确定出每月的固定集群重心,随着月份的增长,固定集群重心呈现由西南向东北方向移动的趋势;SSTA指数升高时,集群重心呈现向西北偏移趋势,SSTA指数降低时,呈现向东南偏移趋势;用BP神经网络模型预测出2018年4—8月的集群重心,产量验证结果显示,4、5月集群重心范围内的实际产量分别占整个渔场总产量的82%、79%,6月、7月和8月智利竹筴鱼密度降低,占比分别为60%、56%、48%。研究表明,近年来智利竹筴鱼渔场位置发生了新的变化,集群重心由西北向东北方向移动,SSTA指数在经度上与集群重心呈现显著负相关,在纬度上呈现显著正相关。The spatial-temporal distribution of population aggregation centre of Chilean jack mackerel Trachurus murphyi and relation to environmental factors were investigated in Southeast Pacific based on the fishing data collected from Chinese large trawling fleets from April to August from 2011 to 2018 via sea surface temperature(SST),sea surface salinity(SSS),chlorophyll concentration(Chl-a)and sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA)to evaluate spatial and temporal analysis and stock abundance prediction of Chilean jack mackerel in fishing ground in Southeast Pacific by hierarchical cluster analysis and neural network.The temporal and spatial changes in the center of gravity and the relationship with the marine environment of target species were analyzed in this study.It was found that the monthly fixed cluster centrality was determined based on the average value of the cluster centrality in the same month from 2011 to 2017,and tended to move from the southwest to the northeast as the month passed.The aggregation centrality was shown to be a trend to move to the northwest as the SSTA index was elevated,and to be a trend to move to the southeast as the SSTA index was declined.The aggregation centrality from April to August 2018 was predicted by the BP neural network model,and the output verification results showed that the actual output percent in the total output of the total fishery within the aggregation centrality accounted for 82%in April and 79%in May,decreased to accounting for 60%in July and 56%in August,and 48%in September.The finding indicated that the center of gravity of the Chilean jack mackerel aggregation was moving from the southwest to the northeast,with significant negative correlation between the aggregation center of gravity in longitude without significant positive correlation in latitude by the SSTA.

关 键 词：智利竹筴鱼 东南太平洋 集群重心 渔场 神经网络 系统聚类 

分 类 号：S931.41[农业科学—渔业资源]