电子诉讼管辖的反思与重塑  

Reflections and Remodeling of Electronic Litigation Jurisdiction

作　　者：吕子逸 Lü Ziyi

机构地区：[1]吉林大学法学院

出　　处：《地方立法研究》2021年第5期77-94,共18页Local Legislation Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“电子诉讼立法研究”(16AFX013)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：电子诉讼改革伊始,由于试点法院的分化,在管辖制度中形成了一般管辖模式和专门管辖模式并存的格局。这种格局既使得电子诉讼管辖制度虚置,也因其与互联网案件的交织,影响了改革的推进。随着电子诉讼推广的普遍化和互联网法院受案范围的拓展,专门管辖模式日渐瓦解,一般管辖模式逐步占据主导地位。作为诉讼活动的基础内容,管辖制度与电子诉讼改革潮流的衔接,不仅是司法活动技术化发展的需要,也是电子诉讼技术合理运用的重要保障,亦可成为司法治理机制在国家治理中价值发挥的有益补充。在此情形下,应立足于“数字正义”“社会安全阀”和“效益最优”等理念的需求,以管辖标准为形态,以变更管辖权为功能,以当事人权益为工作中心,实现电子诉讼管辖由“外在独立”模式向“内嵌”模式的转变。同时,通过修正一般管辖模式、增设协商程序、明确适用范围,并结合电子诉讼推广的实际状况,重构、完善电子诉讼管辖机制,为电子诉讼改革目标、效用的彰显提供较为可取的路径参考。At the beginning of the electronic litigation reform,due to the differentiation of the pilot courts,the coexistence pattern of general jurisdiction mode and special jurisdiction mode was formed in the jurisdiction system.Such a patteon not only makes the electronic litigation jurisdiction system virtual,but also affects the promotion of reform because electronic litigation interweaves with Internet cases.With the promotion of electronic litigation and the expansion of the scope of Internet court cases,the special jurisdiction mode is being gradually disintegrated,and the general jurisdiction mode gradually occupies the dominant position.As the basic content of litigation activities,the connection between the jurisdiction system and the trend of electronic litigation reform is not only the technical development of judicial activities,but also an important guarantee for the rational application of electronic litigation technology.It is also a useful supplement to the utility of the judicial governance mechanism in national governance.In this case,based on the needs of the concepts of“digital justice”,“social safety valve”and“optimal benefit”,this article suggests that the reform should take jurisdiction standards as the form,change of jurisdiction as the function and the rights and interests of the parties as the center to realize the transformation of electronic litigation jurisdiction from an“external independent”mode to an“embedded”mode.At the same time,revising the general jurisdiction mode,adding consultation procedures,clarifying the scope of application,combining with the actual situation of electronic litigation promotion,reconstructing and improving the jurisdiction mechanism of electronic litigation can also provide a more desirable path for the electronic litigation reform.

关 键 词：电子诉讼 一般管辖模式 专门管辖模式 数字正义 社会安全阀 

分 类 号：D925[政治法律—诉讼法学]