老年牙列缺失患者无牙颌种植后即刻负重的短期效果观察  

The short-term research of immediate loading implant restoration in elderly patients with edentulous patients

作　　者：韩晓辉 孔丽 廉亚萍 张东升 黄圣运 胡立华 HAN Xiaohui;KONG Li;LIAN Yaping;ZHANG Dongsheng;HUANG Shengyun;HU Lihua(Department of Prosthodontics,Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University,Jinan 250021,China;Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University,Jinan 250021,China)

机构地区：[1]山东第一医科大学附属省立医院口腔修复科,山东济南250021 [2]山东第一医科大学附属省立医院口腔颌面外科,山东济南250021

出　　处：《老年医学研究》2021年第4期9-13,共5页Geriatrics Research

摘　　要：目的评价老年牙列缺失患者行种植后即刻负重修复的短期临床效果。方法选取17例老年无牙颌患者,所有患者均完成种植手术后行即刻负重临时修复,5~6个月后行最终修复。全部患者完成最终修复后均随访1年,对种植体存留率、种植体周围边缘骨吸收量、术后并发症(复合基台螺丝松动、临时修复体折裂、最终修复体崩瓷)发生率、患者满意度指标等进行评价分析。结果17例患者共植入75颗种植体,其中0颗脱落,种植体存留率100%。即刻负重后5~6个月与最终修复后1年时,种植体近中边缘骨吸收量分别为(1.74±0.34)mm、(0.45±0.18)mm,远中边缘骨吸收量分别为(1.74±0.33)mm、(0.45±0.18)mm,即刻负重的种植修复无牙颌患者短期骨吸收临床效果满意。最终修复后1年时,17例患者中患者出现修复体崩瓷1例,没有患者出现修复体折断,最终修复体并发症发生率为5.88%。患者对美观、发音、咀嚼能力均表现出较高的满意度。结论基于对老年牙列缺失患者即刻负重的短期随访研究,种植体成功率较高,短期出现一定程度骨吸收,修复体并发症较少,患者的满意度较高。Objective To analyze the short-term clinical effect of the immediate loading implant restoration in elder⁃ly patients with edentulous.Methods A total of 17 elderly patients with edentulous were selected,all patients under⁃went immediate loading after implantation,and the final repair was performed after 5~6 months.All patients were followed up for 1 year after the permanent prostheses completed.The survival rate of the implants,the peri-implant marginal bone resorption,the prosthodontic complication(composite abutment screw loosening,temporary restoration fracture,porce⁃lain collapse of final restoration)rates,and patients’satisfaction degree were evaluated.Results Totally 75 implants were implanted in 17 patients,0 lost and the implant survival rate was 100%.At 5-6 months after the immediate loading and 1 year after the permanent restoration,the bone resorption at the proximal and middle edges of the implants were(1.74±0.34)mm and(0.45±0.18)mm respectively,and that at the distal and middle edges were(1.74±0.33)mm and(0.45±0.18)mm,respectively.The short-term bone resorption in patients with edentulous jaws treated with imme⁃diate loading implants were satisfactory.One year after the final restoration,one of the 17 patients had porcelain col⁃lapse,and no patient had broken prosthesis.The incidence of final prosthesis complications was 5.88%.Patients pro⁃vided with immediate loading implant treatment were satisfied with the aesthetics,pronunciation,denture retention and chewing.Conslusion Based on a short-term follow-up study of elderly edentulous patients with immediate loading,im⁃plants have a higher success rate,a certain degree of bone resorption in the short term,fewer complications of the restoration,and higher patient satisfaction.

关 键 词：无牙颌 种植固定义齿 即刻负重 修复体 骨吸收 

分 类 号：R783.6[医药卫生—口腔医学]