基于低共熔相变材料二元液-固相图的绘制实验设计  

Experimental Design for Drawing Binary Liquid-Solid Phase Diagram of Eutectic Organic Phase-Change Materials

作　　者：赵亚萍[1] 张帅[1] 咸春颖[1] 沈丽[1] 张健[1] 边绍伟[1] 张明 罗文虎 牛汝男 陈令妍 ZHAO Yaping;ZHANG Shuai;XIAN Chunying;SHEN Li;ZHANG Jian;BIAN Shaowei;ZHANG Ming;LUO Wenhu;NIU Runan;CHEN Lingyan(Fundamental Experimental Chemistry Center, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China;College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering & Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学基础化学实验中心,上海201620 [2]东华大学化学化工与生物工程学院,上海201620

出　　处：《西南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第9期147-153,共7页Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：东华大学校级本科一流课程项目(DHYLA-2021-27);东华大学校级本科核心课程建设项目-物理化学(105-20-0008197);上海市教育委员会本科重点课程项目(物理化学);上海市教育委员会产学研项目(15cxy55).

摘　　要：以有机相变材料癸酸-十二醇作为二元液-固体系相图绘制实验的研究对象,通过理论计算体系中各物质的相变温度绘制理论温度组成(T-x)相图,并得到低共熔混合物温度和组成的理论值.配制不同摩尔分数的癸酸-十二醇混合物,利用热分析方法采用凝固点降低测定物质摩尔质量实验简单装置,测量各混合物冷却过程中相变温度,绘制有机酸-有机醇二元体系相图,得到低共熔点温度和组成,并与理论值进行比较.该实验避免了经典物理化学实验“二组分金属相图的绘制”在教学中金属样品融化温度高且耗时较长等问题,改用熔点较低的相变材料绘制固液相图,在满足二组分液固相图实验要求的同时,将绿色化学实验设计理念融入到基础物理化学实验教学中.In this paper,the binary liquid-solid system phase diagram of decanoic acid and dodecanol as organic phase change materials,have been studied.Theoretical calculation of phase change temperature of each material in the system has been carried out,and then theoretical T-x phase diagram been drawn.Theoretical values of composition and melting temperature of low eutectic mixture also been obtained.Different mole fractions of decanoic acid and dodecanol mixture been prepared.The phase transition temperature of each mixture during cooling has been measured by utilizing the device for measuring the molar mass of substance by means of freezing point reduction.T-x phase diagram of organic acid-organic alcohol binary system has been drawn,and the temperature and composition at the low melting point been obtained,compared with the theoretical values.The problems of high melting temperature of metal samples and long time consuming in the classical physical chemistry experiment“drawing the two-component metal phase diagram”have been avoided by this experimental design.Instead,the phase change materials with low melting point were used to meeting the requirements of two-component liquid-solid diagram experiment.At the same time,the green chemistry experiment design concept is integrated into the basic physical chemistry experiment teaching.

关 键 词：低共熔混合物 有机相变材料 二元液-固体系 相图 物理化学实验 

分 类 号：G642.423[文化科学—高等教育学]