乌海市夏季臭氧污染特征及基于过程分析的成因探究  

Exploring Characteristics and Causes of Summer Ozone Pollution Based on Process Analysis in Wuhai

作　　者：张瑞欣 陈强[1] 夏佳琦 刘晓 郭文凯 李光耀 陈梅[2] ZHANG Rui-xin;CHEN Qiang;XIA Jia-qi;LIU Xiao;GUO Wen-kai;LI Guang-yao;CHEN Mei(Key Laboratory of Semi-Arid Climate Change,Ministry of Education,College of Atmospheric Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;School of Electronic and Information Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学大气科学学院,半干旱气候变化教育部重点实验室,兰州730000 [2]兰州交通大学电子与信息工程学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《环境科学》2021年第9期4180-4190,共11页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61762057)。

摘　　要：乌海市地形复杂,周边工业园区分布密集,近年来夏季O_(3)污染问题突出,且污染特征与形成机制尚不明确,分析乌海市O_(3)变化特征,探究O_(3)污染形成机制对该区域大气污染防治具有重要意义.本文在分析乌海市2018年6~8月3次持续O_(3)污染过程特征的基础上,利用WRF-CMAQ模式系统进行模拟并根据过程分析输出结果对污染的成因进行了深入分析,探讨了区域输送和局地光化学反应对乌海市O_(3)的影响.结果表明,乌海市夏季O_(3)呈现"单峰"的日变化特征,近地面O_(3)与向下短波辐射和气温显著呈正相关,与相对湿度呈负相关;空间分布上,乌海市3个工业园区白天和夜间均为O_(3)低值区,乌海西南部宁夏石嘴山地区、乌海城区和西北部乌兰布和沙漠地区白天为O_(3)高值区;过程分析结果表明,输送和化学过程及其相对大小对乌海市O_(3)有决定性影响,6月和7月的污染过程中局地光化学反应和输送共同导致O_(3)显著升高,且化学过程的影响是输送的两倍左右,8月O_(3)的升高主要为输送作用的贡献;进一步对输送作用进行分解可知偏南和西北方向的输送对O_(3)的升高有较大贡献,结合前体物的排放,可能的传输来源为宁夏银川、石嘴山及巴彦淖尔等区域,因此,乌海市应在控制本地排放的基础上,加强区域联防联控,减少区域传输对O_(3)的影响.In recent years,summer O_(3) pollution has become more severe in Wuhai,where the terrain is complex and industrial parks are densely distributed. However,the characteristics and formation mechanisms of this pollution have not yet been investigated and remain unclear. Analyzing the variation and formation mechanisms of O_(3) is crucial to the prevention and control of air pollution in this region. By analyzing characteristics and using a WRF-CMAQ model to simulate three O_(3) pollution periods in Wuhai from June to August 2018, this study explored the causes of O_(3) pollution based on in-depth process analysis, and the effects of regional transportation and local photochemical reaction on O_(3) were also discussed. The diurnal variation of ozone exhibited a single-peak distribution,and near-surface O_(3) was positively correlated with short-wave radiation and temperature,and negatively correlated with relative humidity. The areas of Shizuishan in Ningxia and the Ulanbuhe desert exhibited high O_(3) values during the day,while the three industrial parks in Wuhai exhibited low values during both the day and night. Process analysis showed that transportation,chemical processes,and their relative magnitudes had a significant impact on O_(3). Local photochemical reactions and transport during the pollution period in June and July led to an obvious increase in O_(3),while the impact of chemical processes was about twice as large as that of transport. The increase of O_(3) in August was mainly caused by transport. Further decomposition of the transportation effect showed that transportation in the south and northwest directions had a remarkable effects on the increase of O_(3). Together with the emission of O_(3) precursors,the main sources of transportation were the Yinchuan,Shizuishan,and Bayannaoer regions. Therefore,Wuhai and neighboring cities should strengthen regional joint prevention and control by jointly formulating and implementing control measures for air pollution to reduce the impact of regional transmissi

关 键 词：臭氧(O_(3)) 社区多尺度空气质量模型(CMAQ) 污染特征 过程分析 乌海 

分 类 号：X515[环境科学与工程—环境工程]