广东省蛭态轮虫物种多样性及其系统发育研究  

Species diversity and phylogenetic analysis of bdelloid rotifers in Guangdong Province

作　　者：王庆 李莹 汪文博 杨宇峰 WANG Qing;LI Ying;WANG Wen-bo;YANGYu-feng(Department of Ecology,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学生态学系,广东广州510632

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2021年第9期4367-4377,共11页China Environmental Science

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2021A1515010814)。

摘　　要：为了解广东省蛭态轮虫物种多样性,采集广东省不同水陆生境样品98份,记录蛭态轮虫3目4科12属66种(含亚种).陆生环境中鉴定出蛭态轮虫56种,其中苔藓生境42种、落叶生境40种、地衣生境12种,水生生境蛭态轮虫15种,陆生生境的蛭态轮虫种类明显多于水生生境蛭态轮虫.为验证形态鉴定的准确性,获取蛭态轮虫COⅠ基因序列4属16种37条,种间遗传距离8.59%~23.17%,其中楔足盘网轮虫(Adineta cuneata)和迅捷旋轮虫(Philodina rapida)的COⅠ基因序列为全球首次报道.COⅠ基因序列中腺嘌呤(A)与胸腺嘧啶(T)的总含量(71.2%)远大于鸟嘌呤(G)与胞嘧啶(C) (28.8%)的含量.系统发育树的聚类结果与形态学物种鉴定结果一致;同属形态相近的物种,具有较高的同源性.研究结果表明,形态学鉴定与DNA条形码技术相结合,有助于提高蛭态轮虫种类鉴定的准确性和探究蛭态轮虫各属的发育地位,促进蛭态轮虫物种多样性和生态学研究.In order to investigate species diversity of bdelloid rotifer in Guangdong Province, 98 samples from different habitats in Guangdong Province were collected, and 66 species(including subspecies) of bdelloid rotifers were recorded belonged to 3 orders, 4 families, 12 genera. Fifty-six species of bdelloid rotifer were identified in terrestrial environment, including 42 species in bryophyte habitats, 40 species in deciduous habitats, 12 species in lichen habitats, and 15 species in aquatic habitats. The species number of bdelloid rotifer in terrestrial habitats was significantly more than that in aquatic habitats. To verify the accuracy of morphological identification, 37 COⅠ gene sequences of 16 species belonged to 4 genera were obtained, and the genetic distance among them ranged from 8.59% to 23.17%. The COⅠ gene sequences of Adinet cuneata and Philodina rapida were first reported in the world. The total content(71.2%) of adenine(A) and thymine(T) was higher than that(28.8%) of guanine(G) and cytosine(C). The cluster results of phylogenetic tree were consistent with those of morphological species identification;the species with similar morphology belonged to the same genus have higher homology. The results showed that the combination of morphological identification and DNA barcoding technology could improve the accuracy of species identification for bdelloid rotifers, explore their phylogenetic position at molecular level, and promote the species diversity and ecological research of bdelloid rotifers.

关 键 词：蛭态轮虫 生物多样性 DNA条形码 COⅠ基因 生物地理 

分 类 号：X17[环境科学与工程—环境科学]