贵州喀斯特区域马铃薯种薯生产重金属安全性初探  

Preliminary Study on Heavy Metals Safety of Potato Production in Karst Area

作　　者：董颖苹 曹绍书 粟彩芸 王瑶 罗充 DONG Yingping;CAO Shaoshu;SU Caiyun;WANG Yao;LUO Chong(Guizhou Normal University,School of Karst Science/Institute of Geography and Environmental Sciences/Institute of Biological Science,Guiyang 550025,China;State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control of China,Guiyang 550001,China;Guizhou Institute of Crop Variety and Resources,Guiyang 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学喀斯特研究院/地理与环境科学学院/生命科学研究院,贵阳550025 [2]国家喀斯特石漠化防治工程技术研究中心,贵阳550001 [3]贵州省农作物品种资源研究所,贵阳550006

出　　处：《种子》2021年第8期122-126,共5页Seed

基　　金：贵州省自然科学基金重点项目(黔科合[2019]1431);贵州省世界一流学科建设项目“喀斯特生态环境学科群”(黔教科研发[2019]125号)项目;贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2017]2952)。

摘　　要：西南地区是重要的马铃薯产区,同时喀斯特密集分布,其中部分地区为重金属高地质背景区域。本研究以三个马铃薯品种为材料,检验其种薯生产中试管苗培养和商品种薯生产阶段Pb-Cd-Cr对安全性的影响。结果表明,试管苗对高浓度Pb-Cd-Cr复合胁迫有较好的耐受性,半致死剂量高于国标筛选值限值20%,低浓度复合胁迫不易识别,构成一定安全隐患;脱毒商品种薯生产阶段,以Cd富集率最高,根、茎叶和块茎分别达到环境浓度的550.82%,124.92%,和32.03%。以Pb最低,根、茎叶和块茎分别为14.41%,1.55%,0.31%;土壤类型、施肥种类等对种薯安全存在显著影响。总体表现红壤比黄壤安全,化合复合肥比商品羊粪有机肥更安全。Southwest China is an important area for potato producton area,and Karst in the region is dense and part of the region belongs to high heavy metal geology.In this study,three potato varieties were used as materials to test the effects of test-tube plantlets culture and commercial seed potato production stage Pb-Cd-Cr on safety.The results showed that the test-tube plantlets had a good tolerance to high concentration of combined stress with Pb-Cd-Cr,and the semi-lethal dose was 20%higher than the limit value of national standard.And,the low concentration combined stress was difficult to identify.In the production stage of virus-free commercial seed tubers,the enrichment rate of Cd was the highest,and the root,stem,leaf and tuber reached 550.82%,124.92%and 32.03%of environmental concentration,respectively.Meanwhile,the Pb was the lowest,and it was 14.41%,1.55%and 0.31%in root,stem,leaf and tuber,respectively.Soil type and fertilizer type had significant influence on the safety of tuber.In all,the red soil was safer than yellow soil and compound fertilizer was safer than commercial sheep manure organic fertilizer.

关 键 词：马铃薯 种薯生产 重金属 安全性 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]