浅水湖泊物理-生态过程模拟平台(湖泊模拟平台)  

Shallow Lake Physical-ecological Process Modeling Platform(LAMP)

作　　者：朱广伟[1,2] 杨宏伟[3,4] 吴挺峰[3,4] 李未[3,4] 李宽意 沈睿杰[3,4] 闵屾[3,4] 邓建明[3,4] 秦伯强[1,3] ZHU Guangwei;YANG Hongwei;WU Tingfeng;LI Wei;LI Kuanyi;SHEN Ruijie;MIN Shen;DENG Jianming;QIN Boqiang(Nanjing Institute of Geography&Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuxi 214128,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所物理湖泊与水文研究室,南京210008 [2]中国科学院太湖湖泊生态系统研究站/江苏太湖湖泊生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,无锡214128 [3]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,南京210008 [4]中国科学院太湖湖泊生态系统研究站,无锡214128

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2021年第9期1098-1107,F0003,共11页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院野外站网络重点科技基础设施建设项目(KFJ-SW-YW003)。

摘　　要：湖泊是我国地表水资源库和山水林田湖草生命共同体的重要组成。湖泊生态系统相对封闭,结构与功能较为清晰,生物与环境相互作用紧密,是开展生态学理论与实践研究的优良场地。湖泊生态学研究的主要方法有野外观测、受控实验及数值模拟。而浅水湖泊环境容量小,湖泊生态系统对环境变化敏感。比如,风浪等物理过程能显著引起湖泊沉积物悬浮和内源营养盐释放,影响上覆水光环境,进而影响浮游植物生长乃至整个湖泊生态系统结构与功能。受制于野外受控实验系统的条件限制,目前我国湖沼学实验大多停留在数立方米体积的水池试验和条件较难控制的湖体中试,大尺度受控模拟试验装置缺乏,重要湖沼学过程和关键条件参数获取困难。在中国科学院野外站网络重点科技基础设施建设项目的支持下,中国科学院太湖湖泊生态系统研究站在我国第三大淡水湖——太湖建成了浅水湖泊物理-生态过程模拟平台,以高仿真湖泊物理模型实验平台为核心,配套大型生态实验平台与数值模拟平台,可以开展波浪、湖流、河道脉冲式输入等湖泊物理过程影响下的湖体污染物迁移转化过程、生物生理与生态系统响应过程,以及水体鱼类、高等水生植物、浮游藻类、底栖生物等生态系统模拟试验。利用模拟平台开展了重要水体生态过程研究、工程技术参数确定,极大增加了野外站受控实验能力和数值模型参数精度,提升了支撑国家生态修复与管理需求、国际湖沼学理论前沿探索的能力。Lake is an important component of inland water resource of China,and key ecological component of Mountain-River-Forest-Farmland-Lake-Grassland life community.Lake is also a perfect research unit for ecological theory owing to its relative clearly isolate ecosystem.Field observatory,controlled experiment,and numerical simulation are common research methods for limnology theory development and ecological restoration technology innovation.In shallow lakes,the lake ecosystem is very sensitive to the change of environmental condition.For example,changes of physical condition,such as wind-wave,could strongly influence the sediment-water interaction,light condition of water,and the growth of phytoplankton,and finally change the whole ecosystem structure and ecological service.In China,field experiment facilities for limnology research are deficient.Most of the field experiments were undertook in small enclosures or small ponds.It is an urgent need of large-scale controlled field experiment system in limnology research.With the financial support of corner-stone research infrastructure project for the field station network of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research(TLLER)has accomplished a large-scale physical and ecological experimental infrastructure system,Shallow Lake Physical-Ecological Modeling Platform(LAMP)next to Lake Taihu,the third largest freshwater lake of China.The platform includes physical lake model,large ecological experimental field on lake,and 3-D numerical model of Lake Taihu(DYTHE).LAMP platform significantly enhances the research ability of controlled physical and ecological experiment about limnology theory and technology development.

关 键 词：大型湖泊 物理模型 生态模拟 生态过程 生态修复 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学] P343.3[天文地球—水文科学]