二胎政策后产后抑郁症状现状及其相关影响因素分析  

Analysis of Postpartum Depression and Its Related Factors after Two Child Policy

作　　者：周桂兰 谭红彤[2] 陈晓雯 毛凯 高园 朱海燕 黄珺 张国荣 ZHOU Guilan;TAN Hongtong;CHEN Xiaowen;MAO Kai;GAO Yuan;ZHU Haiyan;HUANG Jun;ZHANG Guorong(The Third People’s Hospital of Panyu District in Guangzhou City,Guangzhou 511483,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市番禺区第三人民医院,广东广州511483 [2]广东省佛山市妇幼保健院

出　　处：《中国医学创新》2021年第24期178-181,共4页Medical Innovation of China

基　　金：广东省医学科学技术研究基金项目(C2019090)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨二胎政策后产后抑郁症状发生现状及其相关影响因素分析。方法:选取2017年1月-2020年4月本院收治的1 480例在本院住院分娩的产妇为研究对象。孕妇分娩后7 d采用问卷调查的方法,根据产妇抑郁情况将其为抑郁组(n=650)和正常组(n=830)。比较两组社会支持评分情况及一般资料情况,同时进行影响因素分析,并通过多因素logistic回归分析孕妇产后抑郁症状的危险因素与保护因素。结果:正常组主观支持、客观支持、对支持的利用度和社会支持总分均显著高于抑郁组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单因素分析显示,两组孕期增重、产前焦虑、家庭月收入、婆媳关系、新生儿性别满意情况、早接触早吸吮比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistic多因素回归分析显示,产前焦虑、早接触早吸吮、社会支持、婆媳关系为影响产妇抑郁症的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:随着我国二胎政策的落实,需加强对产妇产前心理状况的关注,产后尽早让母婴接触,能缓解产妇身心压力,可有效预防产后抑郁症状的发生。与此同时,婆媳关系、社会支持与产妇产后抑郁症状的发生也有直接关系,提高社会支持,为产妇营造出和谐的家庭氛围,有利于降低抑郁症状的发生。Objective:To explore the present situation of postpartum depression symptoms and its related influencing factors after two child policy.Method:A total of 1 480 parturients who hospitalized and delivered in our hospital from January 2017 to April 2020 were selected as the research objects.7 d after delivery,pregnant women were investigated by questionnaire,according to the maternal depression,they were divided into depression group (n=650) and normal group (n=830).The social support score and general data of two groups were compared,and the influencing factors were analyzed,and the risk factors and protective factors of postpartum depression symptoms were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.Result:The scores of subjective support,objective support,utilization of support and total social support in the normal group were significantly higher than those in the depression group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Univariate analysis showed that weight gain during pregnancy,prenatal anxiety,monthly family income,relationship between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law,neonatal gender satisfaction,early contact and early sucking were compared between two groups,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that prenatal anxiety,early exposure and early sucking,social support and mother-in-law and daughter-in-law relationship were independent factors affecting maternal depression (P<0.05).Conclusion:With the implementation of two child policy in China,it is necessary to pay more attention to the prenatal psychological status of puerpera.Early contact between mother and baby can relieve the physical and mental pressure of puerpera and effectively prevent the occurrence of postpartum depression symptoms.At the same time,the relationship between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law and social support are also directly related to the occurrence of postpartum depression symptoms of puerpera.Improving social support and creating a harmonious fam

关 键 词：二胎政策后 产后 抑郁症 危险因素 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]