A review of mechanisms of resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors and potential strategies for therapy  

作　　者：Yu Fujiwara Arjun Mittra Abdul Rafeh Naqash Naoko Takebe 

机构地区：[1]Developmental Therapeutics Clinic,Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis,National Cancer Institute,Bethesda,MD 20892,USA. [2]Department of Medical Oncology,The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research,Tokyo 1358550,Japan [3]Department of Medical Oncology,Musashino Red Cross Hospital,Tokyo 1800023,Japan

出　　处：《Cancer Drug Resistance》2020年第3期252-275,共24页癌症耐药（英文）

摘　　要：Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)have revolutionized the treatment of cancer over the last decade,bringing about a paradigm shift in systemic cancer therapy away from traditional cytotoxic and targeted therapies.While some patients have dramatic treatment responses,it is sobering to note that most tumors are either resistant at the outset,or develop resistance after initial response.A major area of translational and clinical research is in identifying therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance to ICIs.We have performed an in-depth review of the different mechanisms of resistance and potential avenues to overcome resistance through rationally designed combination treatment with ICIs.

关 键 词：Immunotherapy resistance tumor microenvironment PD-1 PD-L1 CTLA-4 

分 类 号：R73[医药卫生—肿瘤]