面向先进光源线站等大科学装置的低温X射线能谱仪原理及应用进展  

Development of basic theory and application of cryogenic Xray spectrometer in light sources and X-ray satellite

作　　者：张硕 崔伟[2] 金海 陈六彪[3] 王俊杰[3] 伍文涛 吴秉骏 夏经铠 宋艳汝 杨瑾屏 翁祖谦 刘志 Zhang Shuo;Cui Wei;Jin Hai;Chen Liu-Biao;Wang Jun-Jie;Wu Wen-Tao;Wu Bing-Jun;Xia Jing-Kai;Song Yan-Ru;Yang Jin-Ping;Weng Tsu-Chien;Liu Zhi(Center for Transformative Science,Shanghai Tech University,Shanghai 201210,China;Department of Astronomy,Tsinghua University,Beijing 201203,China;Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200050,China)

机构地区：[1]上海科技大学,大科学中心,上海201210 [2]清华大学天文系,北京201203 [3]中国科学院理化技术研究所,北京100190 [4]中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所,上海200050

出　　处：《物理学报》2021年第18期75-106,共32页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金国家重大科研仪器设备研制专项(批准号:11927805);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(批准号:12005134,11803014);上海市浦江人才计划(批准号:20PJ141090)资助的课题.

摘　　要：低温X射线能谱仪兼具高能量分辨率、高探测效率、低噪声、无死层等特点,能量分辨率与X射线入射方向无关,在暗弱的弥散X射线能谱测量方面具有明显优势.基于同步辐射及自由电子激光的先进光源线站、加速器、高电荷态离子阱、空间X射线卫星这类大科学装置的快速发展对X射线探测器提出了更高要求,因而低温X射线能谱仪被逐步引入到APS,NSLS,LCLS-Ⅱ,Spring-8,SSNL,ATHENA,HUBS等大科学装置与能谱测量相关科学研究中.本文从低温X射线能谱仪的工作原理及分类、能谱仪系统结构、主要性能指标以及国内外大科学装置研究现状及发展趋势等方面作简要综述.Cryogenic X-ray spectrometers are advantageous in the spectrum research for weak and diffusive X-ray source due to their high energy resolution,high detection efficiency,low noise level and non-dead-layer properties.Their energy resolution independent of the incident X-ray direction also makes them competitive in diffusion source detection.The requirements for X-ray spectrometers have heightened in recent years with the rapid development of large scientific facilities where X-ray detection is demanded,including beamline endstations in synchrotron and X-ray free electron laser facilities,accelerators,highly charged ion traps,X-ray space satellites,etc.Because of their excellent performances,cryogenic X-ray detectors are introduced into these facilities,typical examples of which are APS,NSLS,LCLS-II,Spring-8,SSNL,ATHENA,HUBS.In this paper,we review the cryogenic X-ray spectrometers,from the working principle and classification,system structure,major performance characteristics to the research status and trend in large scientific facilities in the world.

关 键 词：同步辐射装置 X 射线卫星 X 射线能谱仪 低温探测器 

分 类 号：TH842[机械工程—仪器科学与技术]