日本校园欺凌事件中家长责任的司法认定  

Judicial Recognition of Parents'Responsibility in Japanese Campus Bullying

作　　者：陶建国[1] 王瑜 TAO Jian-guo;WANG Yu(Law School,Hebei University,Baoding,Hebei 071002,China)

机构地区：[1]河北大学法学院,河北保定071002

出　　处：《石家庄学院学报》2021年第5期144-150,共7页Journal of Shijiazhuang University

基　　金：河北省哲学社会科学工作办公室河北省社会科学基金项目“我国中小学校园欺凌立法及实施对策研究”(HB17FX006)。

摘　　要：日本一些校园欺凌事件导致受害人自杀或身体受到严重伤害,在受害人或其家长提起的赔偿诉讼中,加害人的家长以及受害人的家长是否存在过错往往成为争议的焦点。法院认为家长对孩子有首要的监护教育义务,家庭教育与学校的教育应当并存,在认定加害人家长的过失时主要考察预见可能性以及监护教育义务的履行状况,认定受害人家长的责任除了考察监护教育义务的履行,还斟酌家长是否为孩子构筑了健全的家庭环境。司法实践中,日本法院愈加关注家长的家庭教育问题,家长负有首要的教育责任这一教育立法上的理念被司法实践所遵守。日本校园欺凌诉讼司法观点对社会产生较大影响,促使整个社会思考如何重视家庭教育以及如何发挥家长在预防欺凌方面的重要作用。In Japan,some campus bullying incidents have caused the victim to commit suicide or suffer serious physical injury.In compensation lawsuit filed by the victim or his parents,whether the offender's parents and the victim's parents are at fault are often the focus of controversy.The court holds that parents have the primary duty of guardianship and education for their children,and that family education and school education should coexist.When determining the responsibility of the victim's parents,it mainly examines the foreseeability and the fulfillment of the guardianship and education obligations.The responsibility of identifying the victim's parents is not only to examine the fulfillment of the duty of guardianship and education,but also to consider whether the parents have built a sound family environment for their children.In judicial practice,the court pays special attention to the family education of parents.Parents have the primary responsibility for education,which is recognized by the court.This principle is basic in education legislation.In Japan,the judicial view of school bullying litigation has a greater impact on the society,prompting the whole Japanese society to think about how to attach importance to family education and how to play the important role of parents in preventing bullying.

关 键 词：校园欺凌 家庭教育 监护教育义务 家庭环境 

分 类 号：G53/57[文化科学—教育学]