日本明治前期“民智观”的考察--以加藤弘之与中江兆民为例  

An Investigation of the Viewpoint of People’s Wisdom in the Early Period of the Meiji Era in Japan:Taking Kato Hiroyuki and Nakae Chomin as Examples

作　　者：魏正 Wei Zheng

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学北京日本学研究中心,北京100089

出　　处：《东北亚外语研究》2021年第3期90-96,共7页Foreign Language Research in Northeast Asia

摘　　要：明治初期,日本国内展开了关于开设民选国会的大讨论。其中以加藤弘之为代表的启蒙思想家认为日本目前民智未开,开设国会时期尚早。在几年后的自由民权运动中,一直被认为是民权理论家的中江兆民也持国会开设时期尚早的观点。二人皆坚持以开明的政府专制广兴教育,自上而下对民众进行智识与道德教化,待民众的智与德均有提高之后方可开设国会。故此,二人的立场看似不同,但若以轻视民众的自我觉醒、推崇开明专制的视角进行观察,此时期二人思想内核中的确存在较大的共通点。In the early period of the Meiji era,the Japanese public started a general discussion on the establishment of the elected NationalDiet. Among them, the Enlightenment thinkers, represented by Kato Hiroyuki, believes that Japan’s public wisdom has not yet developed, so it is still too early to establish the National Diet. In the liberal civil rights movement a few years later, Nakae Chomin, who has been considered a civil rights theorist, also holds the same view. Both adhere to use the government’s enlightened despotism to run education, educate the public on the knowledge and morals from top to bottom, and then establish the National Diet only after their wisdom and morality have improved. Therefore, the positions of the two seem to be different, but if observed from the aspects of devaluing people’ self-awakening and advocating enlightened despotism , the cores of their thinking have a lot in common.

关 键 词：国会开设论争 加藤弘之 中江兆民 民智观 

分 类 号：G09[文化科学]