鱼类摄入量与老年人认知功能的相关性研究  

Correlation between fish intake and cognitive function in the elderly

作　　者：荣爽[1] 李丹阳 邓彦 徐凯[1] 李菁菁[2] 蔡思捷 石龙华 李凤坪 刘爽[2] Rong Shuang;Li Danyang;Deng Yan;Xu Kai;Li Jingjing;Cai Sijie;Shi Longhua;Li Fengping;Liu Shuang(Department of Nutrition Hygiene and Toxicology,School of Public Health,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430065,China;Hubei Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学公共卫生学院营养卫生与毒理学系,430065 [2]湖北省疾病预防控制中心卫生监测检验防护所,武汉430079

出　　处：《中华老年医学杂志》2021年第9期1178-1183,共6页Chinese Journal of Geriatrics

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(20YJCZH131);中国营养学会-飞鹤体质营养与健康研究基金资助项目(CNS-Feihe2020B39)。

摘　　要：目的探讨鱼类摄入量与老年人认知功能的相关性。方法利用2015年中国居民健康与营养调查湖北地区的数据资料,纳入60岁及以上的老年人,采用面对面认知筛查项目进行认知功能评价,将鱼类摄入量转换为四分类变量,分别为0 g/d、0 g/d<摄入量≤50 g/d、50 g/d<摄入量≤100 g/d、>100 g/d。采用多重线性回归模型分析老年人鱼类摄入量与认知功能的关联性。结果共纳入335例研究对象,其中男性142例(42.4%),女性193例(57.6%),在总人群(F=4.19,P=0.006)和女性(F=2.30,P=0.079)中,老年人认知得分随着鱼类摄入量的增加而有所升高,在男性无这一趋势(F=1.99,P=0.119)。在调整年龄、性别、城乡、受教育程度、婚姻状况、吸烟、饮酒、每日总能量摄入、脂肪供能比、体质指数(BMI)、高血压史和脑卒中史等混杂因素后,与鱼类摄入量最低组(0 g/d)相比,老年人鱼类摄入量>100 g/d与认知功能得分呈正相关(β=2.68,95%CI:0.38~4.98);女性鱼类摄入量>100 g/d与认知得分的关联更强(β=4.26,95%CI:1.23~7.30),而男性中无这一关联(β=1.70,95%CI:-1.76~5.15)。结论较高的鱼类摄入量与老年女性的认知功能呈正相关,而在老年男性中未发现关联。增加鱼类的摄入量可能对预防老年女性的认知功能下降有益。Objective To explore the correlation between fish intake and cognitive function in the elderly.Methods Based on data for Hubei province of the Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey 2015,335 participants aged 60 and over were included in the study.Face-to-face cognitive screening was used to evaluate cognitive function.Fish intake was converted into four classifications:0 g/d,0-50 g/d,50-100 g/d,and>100 g/d.The multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the correlation between fish intake and cognitive function in the elderly.Results There were 335 subjects,including 142 males(42.4%)and 193 females(57.6%).In the overall population(F=4.19,P=0.006)and females(F=2.30,P=0.079),cognitive scores of the elderly increased with increased fish intake,but no increase was found in males(F=1.99,P=0.119).After adjusting for confounding factors such as age,sex,urban and rural living,education level,marital status,smoking,alcohol consumption,daily total energy intake,dietary fat-to-energy intake ratio,BMI,history of hypertension and stroke,fish intake>100 g/d in the elderly was positively correlated with the cognitive score(β=2.68,95%CI:0.38-4.98),compared with the lowest fish intake group(0 g/d);gender-stratified analysis showed that the regression coefficient was 4.26(95%CI:1.23-7.30)for women and 1.70(-1.76-5.15)for men.Conclusions Increased fish intake is positively correlated with improved cognitive function in elderly women,but the same is not true in elderly men.Increasing fish intake may be beneficial in preventing cognitive decline in elderly women.

关 键 词：认知 鱼类 Ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸 

分 类 号：R749.1[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]