2种斑鱼蛉(广翅目:齿蛉科:鱼蛉亚科)幼虫和蛹的分类鉴定及形态描述  

Identification and Morphological Description of the Larvae and Pupae of Two Species of Neochauliodes(Megaloptera:Corydalidae:Chauliodinae)

作　　者：沈载芸 曹成全[1] 王向积 刘方庆 杨香宇 SHEN Zaiyun;CAO Chengquan;WANG Xiangji;LIU Fangqing;YANG Xiangyu(College of Life Sciences, Leshan Normal University, Leshan, Sichuan Province 614004, China;Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Chengyang District, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China)

机构地区：[1]乐山师范学院生命科学学院,四川乐山614004 [2]山东省青岛市城阳区农业农村局,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《四川动物》2021年第5期532-542,共11页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：校企合作科研项目(LHX190767,LHX191201);四川省大学生创新创业项目(S201910649105和S201910649129)。

摘　　要：为了促进广翅目Megaloptera幼虫和蛹的分类鉴定,本文运用幼虫分子数据和成虫形态特征对2种斑鱼蛉属Neochauliodes的幼虫和蛹进行鉴定,并对幼虫和蛹的外部形态进行了详细描述。研究结果表明:1)双齿斑鱼蛉N.bicuspidatus和越南斑鱼蛉N.tonkinensis幼虫和蛹的COⅠ基因序列长度分别为808 bp和820 bp,GenBank登录号为MW560981和MW560982。2)双齿斑鱼蛉和越南斑鱼蛉的末龄幼虫形态区别为:前者头部和前胸背板几乎全黑且无斑纹,后者则有明显复杂的斑纹;前者腹部腹面的“T”型斑纹两部分分离,后者的相连且大小和形状不稳定;前者每一腹节腹面都有相对稳定的“∵”形大黄斑点,后者腹面斑纹存在2种类型。3)蛹的形态区别如下:前者通体体色较深且随时间变化大,后者在临近羽化时只有翅芽颜色加深近黑色;前者腹部第9节背面和腹面长有密集纤长的刚毛,后者光滑无毛。这些差异性状对于2种斑鱼蛉幼虫和蛹的鉴别具有一定的参考价值,但幼虫的花纹和体色变异很大,无法作为稳定的鉴别特征;而蛹在形态鉴定时要考虑体色随时间变化的情况。In order to promote the classification and identification of larvae and pupae of Megaloptera,this paper identified the larvae and pupae of two species of Neochauliodes using the DNA datas of the larvae and the morphological characteristics of the adults,and described the external morphological characteristics of the larvae and pupae in detail.The results showed that the samples were Neochaliodes bicuspidatus and N.tonkinensis with COⅠsequences of 808 bp and 820 bp,and GenBank accession numbers of MW560981 and MW560982,respectively.There are some morphological differences between the final-instar larvae of N.bicuspidatus and N.tonkinensis:1)the head and pronotum of N.bicuspidatus are almost black without marks,while those of N.tonkinensis have obvious and complex marks;2)the‘T’marks on the ventral surface of N.bicuspidatus are separated,while that of N.tonkinensis are linked together and the size and shape are unstable;3)there are more stable‘∵’shaped yellow marks on the ventral surface of each abdominal segment of N.bicuspidatus,while there are two types of abdominal marks in N.tonkinensis.Furthermore,the morphological differences of the pupae of the two species are as follows:1)the whole body color of N.bicuspidatus is more dark and changes greatly with time,while the color of the wings of N.tonkinensis deepens to black only when it will come to eclosion;2)N.bicuspidatus has dense and long setae on the dorsal and ventral surface of the ninth abdomen segment,while that of N.tonkinensis is smooth without setae.These differences are valuable for the identification of the larvae and pupae of the two species,but we should pay attention to the fact that the mark and color of the larvae vary greatly and cannot be used as a stable identification feature.Moreover,the change of body color with time should be considered in the morphological identification of pupae.

关 键 词：广翅目 斑鱼蛉 幼虫 蛹 分子分类 形态描述 

分 类 号：Q969[生物学—昆虫学]