系统功能语言学视角下英汉情态类型系统对比研究  

A Systemic Functional Study of the Systems of Types of Modality in English and Chinese

作　　者：杨曙[1] 常晨光 YANG Shu;CHANG Chen-guang

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学外国语学院,广东广州510640 [2]中山大学国际翻译学院,广东珠海519082

出　　处：《解放军外国语学院学报》2021年第4期1-9,159,共10页Journal of PLA University of Foreign Languages

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“系统功能类型学视角下的汉英情态对比研究”(15CYY004)。

摘　　要：从系统功能语言学来看,情态是英语和汉语人际元功能的重要资源,它是处于"是"与"否"之间的意义领域。本文以系统功能语言学为理论框架,界定汉语情态类型,对比英汉情态类型系统。研究发现,在英语中,情态类型系统包括情态化和意态两个次系统。情态化包括可能性和经常性;意态包括义务、意愿、能力,意愿和能力情态不做进一步区分。在汉语中,情态类型系统同样包括情态化和意态两个次系统。情态化指对命题可能性的判断,意态包括义务、意愿、能力,其中意愿情态可划分为自发性意愿和回应性意愿,能力情态可细分为习得技能和内在能力,经常性可排除在汉语情态系统之外。本研究将对相对薄弱的汉语情态研究或英语情态的后续研究提供参考。Viewed from the perspective of systemic functional linguistics, modality is an important component of interpersonal meanings of language,and it constitutes the intermediate ground between positive and negative polarity.In English,two distinct kinds of modality can be established: modalization and modulation. The former includes probability and usuality. The latter consists of obligation,inclination and ability. Similarly,in Chinese,the system of types of modality includes modalization and modulation. However,modalization in Chinese only refers to the speaker’s assessment of probability,and usuality is excluded from the system of types of modality in Chinese. The exclusion of usuality lies in the fact that usuality denotes meanings that differ from those of modalization and modulation fundamentally. Finally,ability in Chinese can be subdivided into two categories,namely knowing how and internal ability.

关 键 词：系统功能语言学 英语情态类型 汉语情态类型 意态 

分 类 号：H314.3[语言文字—英语]