2018年江苏省儿童青少年近视状况调查结果分析  

Analysis of investigation results for myopia status of children and adolescents in Jiangsu province in 2018

作　　者：项耀 王艳[1] 张凤云[1] 杨婕[1] 张锡彦 杨文漪 胥建军[2] XIANG Yao;WANG Yan;ZHANG Feng-yun;YANG Jie;ZHANG Xi-yan;YANG Wen-yi;XU Jian-jun(Jiangsu Provicial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiangsu Nanjing 210009,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]江苏省疾病预防控制中心,江苏南京210009 [2]盐城市盐都区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《江苏预防医学》2021年第4期409-411,共3页Jiangsu Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解江苏省儿童青少年眼健康状况,为评价全省近视防控工作提供基线数据。方法在江苏省13个设区市抽取26个县(市、区),每个设区市包含1个城区和1个郊县,每个城区随机抽取7所学校(小学、初中、高中各2所,职高1所)和2所幼儿园;每个县区随机抽取5所学校(小学、初中各2所,高中1所)和2所幼儿园。以整班为调查单元,每个学校每个年级随机抽取2~3个班级,幼儿园在大班中抽取5.5~6.5岁儿童,进行裸眼视力检查和屈光度检查。结果共筛查学生60 363人,近视检出率为60.0%,其中幼儿为14.5%,小学生为41.0%,初中生为81.8%,高中生(含职高)为90.2%,随年级增加,近视检出率呈上升趋势(χ^(2)趋势=1 483.00,P<0.01)。近视检出率城区(62.4%)高于郊县(57.2%),女生(62.9%)高于男生(57.5%),差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为165.45、183.29,P值均<0.05)。近视程度构成轻度占47.8%、中度占39.9%、重度占12.3%,随着学段的上升,近视程度越严重,不同学段中近视程度分布差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6 252.40,P<0.01)。结论江苏省儿童青少年近视检出率较高,应针对不同人群采取综合有效视力防控措施。Objective To investigate the eye health status of children and adolescents and provide baseline data for evaluating the prevention and control of myopia in Jiangsu province. Methods A total of 26 counties were selected from 13 cities in Jiangsu province.Each city contains 1 urban district and 1 county district.There were 7 schools(2 primary schools, 2 junior high schools, 2 high schools, 1 vocational high school) and 2 kindergartens were chosen in each urban district randomly;while there were 5 schools(2 primary schools, 2 junior high schools, 1 senior high school) and 2 kindergartens selected randomly from each county district.Taking the whole class as a unit, 2-3 classes were randomly selected from each grade in every school and children aged 5.5-6.5 years were selected from the senior classes in kindergartens for naked eye vision examination and refractive examination. Results A total of 60 363 students were screened, and the overall myopia detection rate was 60.0%.The myopia detection rates for students in kindergarden, primary school, junior high school and senior high school(including vocational high school) were 14.5%,41.0%,81.8% and 90.2%,respectively.The myopia detection rate increased with grade(χ^(2)trend=1 483.00,P<0.01).The myopia detection rate of students in urban district(62.4%) was higher than that in county district(57.2%);the myopia detection rate of girls(62.9%) was higher than that of boys(57.5%);all the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=165.45,183.29,all P<0.05).The mild, moderate and severe myopia accounted for 47.8%,39.9%,and 12.3%,respectively.The myopia level became more serious with the increase of the school section;the distributions of different myopia levels were statistically significant among different sections(χ^(2)=6 252.40,P<0.01). Conclusion The detection rate of myopia among children and adolescents in Jiangsu province is relatively high;targeted comprehensive and effective prevention and control measures should be taken for different groups.

关 键 词：儿童 青少年 近视 检出率 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]