粤港澳大湾区2015—2019年入海河口水质变化趋势  

Change trend of water quality in estuaries of Guangdong,Hong Kong and Macao Greater Bay Area from 2015 to 2019

作　　者：董斯齐 黄翀[1] 李贺[1] 刘庆生[1] 颜凤芹 苏奋振[1] DONG Siqi;HUANG Chong;LI He;LIU Qingsheng;YAN Fengqin;SU Fenzhen(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所资源与环境信息系统国家重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049

出　　处：《水资源保护》2021年第5期48-55,共8页Water Resources Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(41890854)。

摘　　要：基于2015—2019年粤港澳大湾区8个主要入海河口断面的水质监测数据,选取BOD_(5)、NH_(3)-N、COD、TP、TN 5种常规水质指标和Hg、Pb、Cu、Zn、Cr^(6+)、Cd 6种重金属指标,依据GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》,应用污染指数法和季节性Kendall检验法,对粤港澳大湾区入海河口进行水质评价与变化趋势分析。结果表明:当前粤港澳大湾区入海河口污染类型主要为氮磷污染,主要污染物为TN,东江流域入海河口污染程度大于西北江三角洲流域;有机污染和重金属污染较轻,重金属元素Hg的污染指数在2019年呈快速上升趋势;2015—2019年,BOD_(5)浓度下降趋势最为显著,NH_(3)-N和COD浓度下降明显,TP和TN污染无好转;东江流域入海河口污染呈好转趋势,西北江三角洲流域入海河口污染呈加重趋势。Based on the water quality monitoring data of 8 main estuary sections in Guangdong,Hong Kong and Macao Great Bay Area(GBA)from 2015 to 2019,5 conventional water quality indexes of BOD_(5),NH_(3)-N,COD,TP,TN and 6 heavy metal indexes of Hg,Pb,Cu,Zn,Cr^(6+)and Cd are selected.According to GB 3838—2002<the environmental quality standard for surface water>,the pollution index method and seasonal Kendall test method were applied,and the water quality evaluation and change trend analysis of estuaries in the GBA were carried out.The results show that the pollution type of the estuary in the GBA is mainly nitrogen and phosphorus pollution,and the main pollutant is TN.The pollution degree of the estuary in the Dongjiang River Basin is greater than that in the Northwest River Delta Basin.Organic pollution and heavy metal pollution are relatively light,and the pollution index of heavy metal Hg shows a rapid upward trend in 2019.From 2015 to 2019,the concentration of water quality index BOD_(5) in the GBA decreased most significantly,NH_(3)-N and COD decreased significantly,and TP and TN pollution did not improve.The pollution of Dongjiang River Basin is improving,and that of Northwest River Delta is aggravating.

关 键 词：污染指数法 季节性Kendall检验法 水质变化趋势 粤港澳大湾区 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]