人力资本视角下社会经济地位代际传递效应研究  

Research on the Intergenerational Transmission Effect of Socioeconomic Status from the Perspective of Human Capital

作　　者：高盼盼 冯喜良[1] 尹振宇 GAO Panpan;FENG Xiliang;YIN Zhenyu(Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing 100070;China Energy Investment Corporation, Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学劳动经济学院,北京100070 [2]国家能源集团龙源(北京)风电工程技术有限公司,100081

出　　处：《经济与管理研究》2021年第8期70-80,共11页Research on Economics and Management

基　　金：国家留学基金管理委员会联合培养博士项目(201911080304);首都经济贸易大学博士研究生学术新人计划项目(18CUEB002)。

摘　　要：本文利用2014年和2016年中国劳动力动态调查(CLDS)数据实证研究中国社会经济地位代际传递效应。研究结果表明:中国存在社会经济地位的代际传递现象,即家庭社会经济地位越高,个体社会经济地位越高,且父辈的社会经济地位主要通过作用于子辈的健康、教育等人力资本水平进而影响子辈的社会经济地位。同时,家庭社会经济地位的代际传递效应存在异质性。研究结论对精准扶贫的长期有效性具有一定的政策启示:国家可以通过加大对经济发展相对落后地区健康和教育的投资来减弱贫穷的代际传递,进一步有助于打破阶层固化、促进阶层流动,从而实现社会公平。This paper uses the data from the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey(CLDS)in 2014 and 2016 to empirically analyze the intergenerational transmission effect of socioeconomic status in China.The results show that the intergenerational transmission of socioeconomic status does exist in China:the higher a family's socioeconomic status is,the higher the individual's socioeconomic status is.The socioeconomic status of parents affects that of their children by acting on their children's health,education and other human capital levels.Meanwhile,it is indicated that there is heterogeneity in the intergenerational transmission.This paper argues that investment in human capital,such as education and health,is the best way to improve an individual's socioeconomic status,and improvement of the education level can make up for the negative impact of rural household registration and parents'low educational level on improvement of the individual's socioeconomic status.This study has some policy implications on the long-term effectiveness of poverty alleviation:for individuals whose native families'socioeconomic status is in a relatively disadvantageous position,the government should invest in their health and education to abate the intergenerational transmission of poverty.It is beneficial to not only the individual and families to get out of poverty,but also the country to win the battle against poverty,in order to break the class curing,promote the mobility and realize social justice.

关 键 词：贫穷 社会经济地位 人力资本 代际传递 中介效应 

分 类 号：F063.4[经济管理—政治经济学] F240