中国3~12岁儿童膳食模式及其与微量营养素摄入状况的关联性研究  

DIETARY PATTERNS IN CHINESE CHILDREN AGED 3-12 YEARS OLD AND THEIR ASSOCIATIONS WITH DIETARY MICRONUTRIENTS INADEQUACY

作　　者：孟丽苹 韩军花 宋歌 张玉梅[2] MENG Li-ping;HAN Jun-hua;SONG Ge;ZHANG Yu-mei(Mead Johnson Pediatric Nutrition Institute(China),Guangzhou 510623;School of Public Health,Peking University Health Science Center,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]美赞臣婴幼儿营养品研发中心(中国)有限公司,广州510623 [2]北京大学医学部公共卫生学院,北京100191

出　　处：《营养学报》2021年第3期218-222,共5页Acta Nutrimenta Sinica

基　　金：美国北卡罗莱纳大学美国国立卫生研究院合作项目(No.R01-HD30880,No.DK056350,No.R01-HD38700)。

摘　　要：目的分析3~12岁儿童膳食模式,并探讨其与微量营养素摄入不足的关系。方法利用"中国居民健康与营养调查(CHNS)"数据,采用主成份分析法提炼膳食模式。采用营养素充足比、营养素摄入不足率评估膳食营养状况。应用Logistic回归模型分析膳食模式与微量营养素摄入不足之间的关联关系。结果中国3~12儿童以"动物&水果"和"主食"两种膳食模式为主。在调整了混杂因素后,总体微量营养素摄入不足率与"动物&水果"模式评分存在负相关关系。高依从度组发生蛋白质和总体微量营养素摄入不足的风险分别下降了90%和83%。在"主食"模式下,平均营养素充足比存在随膳食模式评分降低而升高的趋势;中度和高度依从"主食"模式的儿童,其发生总体微量营养素摄入不足的风险分别是低依从度儿童的1.67倍和2倍。结论儿童营养状况与其膳食模式密切相关,提示可以通过改善膳食模式降低儿童发生隐性饥饿的风险。Objective To identify dietary patterns and to investigate their associations with dietary micronutrient inadequacy among Chinese children aged 3-12 years old. Methods Data of China Health and Nutrition Survey(CHNS) were used for analysis. Dietary patterns were derived using factor analysis with a principal component method. Nutrient adequacy ratio(NAR) and percentage of dietary nutrient inadequacy were used to assess dietary nutritional status. The logistic regression model was employed to explore the association of nutrient inadequacy with dietary pattern score. Results Two dietary patterns, "animal & fruit" pattern and "staple" pattern were identified for Chinese children age 3-12 years old. After adjusting confounders, the "animal & fruit" pattern was significantly negatively associated with overall micronutrient inadequacy(OMI). High compliance with the pattern decreased the risk of dietary protein inadequacy and OMI by 90% and 83%, respectively. While under the "staple" pattern, mean adequacy ratio(MAR) had the trend of increasing with decreasing pattern score. Chinese children who were high or medium compliance with "staple" pattern had higher risk of OMI, which was 1.67 times and 2 times of those in low compliance group, respectively. Conclusion Children’s nutrition status is closely related to the dietary pattern, indicating that the risk of hidden hunger could be reduced through improving dietary pattern for children.

关 键 词：膳食模式 微量营养素 儿童 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]