乳牙列个别正常[牙合]牙尖交错位咬合接触的研究  

Occlusal contact of primary dentition at intercuspal position in children with individual normal occlusion

作　　者：石伟华 王丹丹 唐忠旺 夏斌[1] 秦满[1] 王媛媛[1] Shi Weihua;Wang Dandan;Tang Zhongwang;Xia Bin;Qin Man;Wang Yuanyuan(Department of Pediatric Dentistry,Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology&National Center of Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease&National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology&Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院儿童口腔科,国家口腔医学中心,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,口腔数字化医疗技术和材料国家工程实验室,口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,100081

出　　处：《中华口腔医学杂志》2021年第9期873-879,共7页Chinese Journal of Stomatology

基　　金：中国牙病防治基金会科研项目(A2021-018)。

摘　　要：目的测量乳牙列个别正常[牙合]儿童在牙尖交错位最大[牙合]力时的咬合接触情况,为乳牙修复、正畸等临床研究提供生理数据基线。方法本研究为横断面研究,在北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院儿童口腔科开展,于2019年12月至2021年3月共征集57名志愿儿童。按纳入标准最终纳入47名3~5周岁乳牙列个别正常[牙合]儿童,其中男性24名,女性23名。年龄(4.1±0.7)岁(3.0~5.8岁),身高(103.7±7.2)cm(90~120 cm),体质量(17.1±2.5)kg(12.5~22.5 kg)。使用Dental PrescaleⅡ系统测量牙尖交错位最大[牙合]力时的咬合情况,包括咬合接触面积、平均压强、最大压强、[牙合]力和对称性等。结果47名全乳牙列受试者在牙尖交错位时的最大[牙合]力为(567.40±223.84)N(226.7~1154.6 N),咬合接触面积为(18.56±6.54)mm2(8.4~41.2 mm2)。最大[牙合]力与咬合接触面积、身高、体质量均呈显著正相关关系(r=0.954,P<0.01;r=0.397,P=0.022;r=0.453,P=0.008)。男性儿童的最大[牙合]力[(651.80±224.34)N]、咬合接触面积[(20.77±6.97)mm2]均显著大于女性儿童[分别为(479.34±190.45)N、(16.25±5.27)mm2](P<0.05)。最大压强多为1个点[68%(32/47)],多位于乳磨牙区。前牙区和后牙区的[牙合]力分别为(124.12±56.99)和(450.11±205.09)N,分别占全牙列的(21.82±11.40)%和(71.80±21.35)%;咬合重心均位于后牙区。乳牙列的前牙区和后牙区均有咬合接触。结论乳牙列个别正常[牙合]在牙尖交错位时最大[牙合]力的个体差异大,最大[牙合]力与性别、身高、体质量和咬合接触面积均显著相关;最大压强集中在乳磨牙区,咬合重心均在后牙区。Objective To record occlusal contact of primary dentition at maximal intercuspal position in children with individual normal occlusion.Methods A total of 57 children were recruited from patients of the Department of Pediatric Dentistry,Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology.Inclusion criteria were that the subjects were 3-5 years old with no visually detectable caries or pupal and periapical diseases,had complete primary dentition,had individual normal occlusion,had normal function of craniofacial system,were medically healthy,could cooperate with sampling and had obtained written informed consent from the parents or guardians.Finally,forty-seven children aged 3 to 5 years old were enrolled,including 24 males and 23 females.The age,height and weight of all subjects were(4.1±0.7)years old(ranging 3.0-5.8 years old),(103.7±7.2)cm(ranging 90-120 cm)and(17.1±2.5)kg(ranging 12.5-22.5 kg),respectively.Occlusal abilities such as occlusal contact area,average bite pressure,maximum bite pressure,maximum bite force and occlusal balance were measured with Dental PrescaleⅡsystem.Results Maximum bite force and occlusal contact area at intercuspal position in children with primary dentition were(567.40±223.84)N(ranging 226.7-1154.6 N)and(18.56±6.54)mm2(ranging 8.4-41.2 mm2),respectively.There was a significantly strong correlation between maximum bite force and occlusal contact area(r=0.954,P<0.01).Height and weight of children were also positively correlated with their maximum bite force(r=0.397,P=0.022 and r=0.453,P=0.008,respectively).Maximum occlusal bite force and contact occlusal area of boys[(651.80±224.34)N and(20.77±6.97)mm2]were significantly higher and larger than those of girls[(479.34±190.45)N and(16.25±5.27)mm2](P<0.05).Thirty-two of all 47 children had one occlusal contact point with maximum bite pressure,mostly locating within the primary molar region.Bite forces of anterior and posterior teeth of primary dentition were(124.12±56.99)N and(450.11±205.09)N,respectively,about(21.82±11.4

关 键 词：咬合力 牙列 乳 牙尖交错位 个别正常 

分 类 号：R783.5[医药卫生—口腔医学]