某型涡喷发动机快速起动特性分析及试验研究  

Analysis and Experimental Study on Quick Start Characteristics of a Turbojet Engine

作　　者：杨光伟 郭磊[1,2,3] 龚建波 胡春艳[1,2,3] Yang Guangwei;Guo Lei;Gong Jianbo;Hu Chunyan(Key Laboratory of Light- duty Gas Turbine, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;Innovation Academy for Light- duty Gas Turbine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院工程热物理研究所轻型动力重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学航空宇航学院,北京100049 [3]中国科学院轻型动力创新研究院,北京100190

出　　处：《燃气轮机技术》2021年第3期14-20,67,共8页Gas Turbine Technology

摘　　要：为研究某型低压油泵体制涡喷发动机的快速起动特性和供油匹配方法,设计了起动方案。针对该起动方案,基于对发动机快速起动特性及影响因素的分析,获得了供油规律的匹配方法,并利用快速起动模拟试验系统对该供油匹配方法进行了试验验证。研究结果表明:缩短点火前供油时间能有效降低由于积油燃烧而对起动加速性造成的不利影响;起动初期的加速率与初始油门量呈正相关,但此阶段应着重考虑点火的最佳油气混合比;压力雾化喷嘴和蒸发式喷嘴供油的切换点选择在低转速阶段时,对发动机的起动性能影响较小;简单阶跃式增油方式可满足快速起动后期的转子加速要求,油门阶跃点应匹配在发动机进入高转速阶段;起动后期采用合适的二阶油门量可进一步优化起动特性。To investigate the quick start characteristics and matching method of fuel supply of a turbojet engine which based on low pressure fuel pump system,a starting scheme was designed.Aiming at this starting scheme,based on the analysis of engine's fast starting characteristics and influencing factors,a matching method of fuel supply law was obtained.The simulation test system of fast starting was used to verify the fuel supply matching method.The results showed that shortening the fuel supply time before ignition could effectively reduce the adverse effect on starting acceleration caused by accumulated fuel combustion.The acceleration rate at the early stage of starting was positively correlated with the initial throttle amount,but the optimal fuel-air ratio for ignition should be considered at this stage.When the switching point of the pressure atomizing nozzles and the evaporative nozzles were selected at low speed,the starting performance of the engine was less affected.The simple step-mode fuel increase method could meet the requirements of rotor acceleration in the late stage of quick start,and the throttle step point should be matched when the engine entered the high-speed stage.The starting characteristics could be further optimized by using the appropriate second-order throttle at the late stage of starting.

关 键 词：涡喷发动机 低压油泵体制 快速起动 供油匹配 起动特性 地面起动 

分 类 号：V235.1[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]