溶剂萃取锕系元素有效配体的研究进展  

Advances in the study of effective ligands for solvent extracting actinides

作　　者：赵洪波[1] 乔秀丽[1] 迟彩霞[1] 王斌[1] 潘清江 ZHAO Hong-bo;QIAO Xiu-li;CHI Cai-xia;WANG Bin;PAN Qing-jiang(Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Energy Storage Materials,Department of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Suihua University,,Suihua 152061,China;Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry of Education Ministry,School of Chemistry and Materials Science,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省环境催化与储能材料重点实验室,绥化学院食品与制药工程学院,黑龙江绥化152061 [2]黑龙江大学功能无机材料化学教育部重点实验室,化学化工与材料学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《化学研究与应用》2021年第9期1642-1650,共9页Chemical Research and Application

基　　金：黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费基础研究项目(KYYWF10236180204,KYYWF10236180302)资助;国家自然科学基金项目(21273063)资助。

摘　　要：U、Np、Pu等高辐射、高毒性锕系核素是核燃料、乏燃料和核废料中的重要组分,其循环使用和长期安全处置是环境和能源领域的重要课题。许多因素,包括锕系离子的浓度、共存离子和溶液的pH值,都会影响萃取性能。不同的配体对锕系离子的选择性不同。本文综述了近年来锕系离子分离的经典配体如碳、磷、氧、氮供体配体及其衍生物的研究进展,最后对锕系元素萃取剂发展过程中存在的问题及其前景进行了展望。希望本文为开发在各种体系中具有更高亲和力、稳定性和相容性的更有效配体提供重要信息。Highly radioactive and toxic actinide elements like uranium,neptunium and plutonium are major components in nuclear fuel,spent fuel and nuclear waste.Their cyclic utilization and long-term safety disposal is important topic in the field of environment and energy.Many factors,including the concentration of uranyl ions,coexisting ions and pH of solutions,will affect the extraction performance.Different ligands have different selectivity for actinide ions.In this paper,the research progress of classical ligands for actinide ion separation was reviewed,such as donor ligands of carbon,phosphorus,oxygen,nitrogen and their derivatives.Finally,the existing problems and future prospects in the development processes of actinide extractants were proposed.It will provide vital information for the development of more effective ligands with higher affinity,stability and compatibility in various systems.

关 键 词：核能 溶剂萃取 锕系元素 供体配体 杯芳烃 

分 类 号：O615[理学—无机化学]