双酯基型Gemini表面活性剂的合成及其性能  

Synthesis and properties of diester-based Gemini surfactants

作　　者：颜菀旻 邓臣强 熊伟 齐少振 姜建辉 YAN Yu-min;DENG Chen-qiang;XIONG Wei;QI Shao-zhen;JIANG Jian-hui(Engineering Laboratory of Chemical Resources Utilization in South Xinjiang of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Alar 843300,China;College of Life Sciences,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆兵团南疆化工资源利用工程实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木大学生命科学学院,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《化学研究与应用》2021年第9期1720-1729,共10页Chemical Research and Application

基　　金：兵团财政科技计划项目(2021CB014)资助;塔里木大学校长基金项目(TDZKYB202003)资助。

摘　　要：以1,4-环己二醇、氯乙酰氯、长链叔胺(RN(CH_(3))_(2),R=10、12、14、16)为原料,合成了一系列不同长度烷基链的双酯基型Gemini表面活性剂(分别命名为C10-EG-10、C12-EG-C12、C14-EG-C14、C16-EG-C16),用FTIR、NMR(^(1)H、^(13)C)对中间体及产物进行了表征,并研究了表面活性剂的表面性能及抑菌能力。结果表明:在298.15K时,采用铂金环法测定了合成的4种不同长度烷基链Gemini表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度,C10-EG-C10、C12-EG-C12、C14-EG-C14、C16-EG-C16的CMC值分别为5.495、1.096、0.186、0.045 mmol·L^(-1),与传统单链季铵盐表面活性剂相比,合成的Gemini表面活性剂具有较低的CMC值。胶束化热力学参数结果表明在形成胶束过程中是自发放热的。对合成的4种表面活性剂进行了乳化性能、起泡性能和抑菌测试,C14-EG-C14表面活性剂具有很好的乳化能力;C16-EG-C16 Gemini表面活性剂具有良好的稳泡能力;C10-EG-C10表面活性剂具有良好的抑菌能力。A series of diester-based Gemini surfactants with different lengths of alkyl chains were synthesized by using 1,4-cyclohexanediol,chloroacetyl chloride,and long-chain tertiary amines as materials,named C10-EG-10,C12-EG-C12,C14-EG-C14,and C16-EG-C16,respectively.The intermediates and products were characterized by FTIR and NMR(^(1)H,^(13)C).The surface properties and antibacterial ability of Gemini surfactants were investigated.The critical micelle concentration of Gemini surfactants with four different length alkyl chains was determined by the platinum ring method at 298.15K,the CMC values of C10-EG-C10,C12-EG-C12,C14-EG-C14,and C16-EG-C16 were 5.495,1.096,0.186,and 0.045 mmol·L^(-1),respectively.The Gemini surfactant had a lower CMC value compared with traditional single-chain quaternary ammonium salt type surfactants.The micellization thermodynamic parameters indicated that the formation of micelles was spontaneous exothermic.The emulsification and foaming performance and antibacterial properties of the four Gemini surfactants were tested.The experimental results showed that C14-EG-C14,C16-EG-C16,and C10-EG-C10 had a good emulsifying ability,foaming performance,and antibacterial properties,respectively.

关 键 词：酯基 表面活性剂 表面张力 抑菌 

分 类 号：O647.2[理学—物理化学]