个性化孕期教育与营养指导在妊娠期糖尿病患者中的应用研究  

Study on the Application of Personalized Pregnancy Education and Nutrition Guidance in Patients with Gestational Diabetes

作　　者：余秀钦 YU Xiuqin(Department of Obstetrics,Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Fuqing City,Fuqing,Fujian Province,350300 China)

机构地区：[1]福建省福清市妇幼保健院产科,福建福清350300

出　　处：《糖尿病新世界》2021年第15期10-13,18,共5页Diabetes New World Magazine

摘　　要：目的探讨个性化孕期教育与营养指导在妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者中的应用效果。方法选取2019年1月-2020年3月该院就诊的104例GDM患者作为研究对象,以随机数表法将其分为两组。对照组52例患者采取营养指导,研究组52例在此基础上采用个性化孕期教育。对比两组干预前与分娩前的血糖水平、分娩方式与不良妊娠结局,以及孕期体质量增长情况与新生儿出生体质量。结果分娩前空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平比较,研究组各项指标较对照组更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。分娩方式对比中,研究组阴道分娩率较对照组更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不良妊娠结局对比,研究组早产、巨大儿的发生率较对照组更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组产后出血与新生儿窒息率对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在孕期体质量增长情况与新生儿出生体质量对比,研究组较对照组更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论个性化孕期教育与营养指导在GDM患者中具有显著的应用效果,不仅改善了血糖水平,且降低了剖宫产率,保障妊娠结局。Objective To explore the effect of personalized pregnancy education and nutrition guidance in patients with gestational diabetes(GDM).Methods The 104 patients with GDM who were treated in the hospital from January 2019 to March 2020 were selected as the research objects,and they were divided into two groups by random number table method.The 52 patients in the control group were given nutrition guidance,and the 52 patients in the study group were given personalized pregnancy education on this basis.The blood glucose levels,modes of delivery and adverse pregnancy outcomes,as well as the weight gain during pregnancy and the birth weight of newborns were compared between the two groups before intervention and before delivery.Results Comparing fasting blood glucose before delivery,blood glucose 2 h after meal,and glycosylated hemoglobin levels,the indicators of the study group were lower than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In the comparison of delivery methods,the vaginal delivery rate in the study group was higher than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with adverse pregnancy outcomes,the incidence of premature birth and macrosomia in the study group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);there was no statistically significant difference in the rates of postpartum hemorrhage and neonatal asphyxia between the two groups(P>0.05).The weight gain during pregnancy was compared with the newborn’s birth weight,the study group was lower than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Personalized pregnancy education and nutrition guidance have significant application effects in GDM patients,which not only improves blood sugar levels,but also reduces the cesarean section rate and guarantees pregnancy outcome.

关 键 词：孕期教育 个性化营养指导 妊娠期糖尿病 血糖水平 分娩方式 妊娠结局 

分 类 号：R587[医药卫生—内分泌]