汉武帝时瓠子河决及两次堵口问题探析  

A Preliminary Exploration of the Yellow River Flood and Twice Blockage at Huzi River in the Period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty

作　　者：冯乐辉[1,2] FENG Lehui(School of History, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan 450001, China;Zhengzhou Technical College, Zhengzhou Henan 450121, China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学历史学院,河南郑州450001 [2]郑州职业技术学院,河南郑州450121

出　　处：《南都学坛（南阳师范学院人文社会科学学报）》2021年第5期17-23,共7页Academic Forum of Nandu:Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Nanyang Normal University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“环境史视野下的黄河中下游地区传统农业精耕细作体系研究”,项目编号:20AZS015。

摘　　要：西汉中晚期,黄河的数次决口给人们带来极大的灾难。其中,汉武帝治下两次瓠子堵口颇引人关注。元光三年(前132)黄河在瓠子决口,直至二十三年后的元封二年(前109),在汉武帝的亲自指挥下才堵口成功。汉武帝时期瓠子决口既有人为因素的影响,也有自然环境变迁的影响,汉武帝调动数万民众封堵瓠子决口,体现了中央集权制对环境变化的积极应对,是利用集体改造自然的典型案例。瓠子堵口的整个过程比较曲折,反映了汉代应对环境变化做出治水决策的调整。In the middle and late Western Han Dynasty,the Yellow River burst several times and brought great disaster to its populace.During the period of Emperor Wu,the twice blockage at Huzi River attracted much attention.In the third year of Yuanguang Era(132BC),the Yellow River burst at Huzi River,and it was not until 23 years later,namely,in the second year of Yuanfeng Era(109BC)that it was successfully blocked under the personal command of Emperor Wu.In the past,scholars have done a lot of research on this issue,but it is still necessary to explore it again.During the period of Emperor Wu,the reasons for the burst of Huzi River could be attributed to not only the influence of human factors,but also the change of natural environment.The imbalance of energy flow led to the imbalance of the aquatic ecosystem,which then produced regional flood.Emperor Wu mobilized tens of thousands of people to plug up the breaches and cracks of the Huzi River,reflecting the positive response of centralized system to transform nature via collective wisdom.The whole process of plugging up the river cracks was rather tortuous,which reflected the adjustment in imperial decision making regarding water control.

关 键 词：瓠子 黄河治理 汉武帝 集权制 

分 类 号：K234.1[历史地理—历史学]