我国中老年人抑郁现况及其影响因素分析  

Analysis of the Status of Depression and the Influencing Factors in Middle-Aged and Older Adults in China

作　　者：吴念韦 杨帆[2] 夏静 马天佩 于川[1] 李宁秀[1] WU Nian-wei;YANG Fan;XIA Jing;MA Tian-pei;YU Chun;LI Ning-xiu(Department of Health Related Social and Behavioral Science,West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticSy West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院健康与社会行为学系,成都610041 [2]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院流行病与卫生统计学系,成都610041

出　　处：《四川大学学报（医学版）》2021年第5期767-771,共5页Journal of Sichuan University(Medical Sciences)

摘　　要：目的基于2018年中国家庭追踪调查(China Family Panel Studies,CFPS)数据了解全国45岁及以上中老年人群抑郁情况以及影响因素,为提高中老年人心理健康、缓解其抑郁症状提供实证依据。方法研究数据来源于2018年的中国家庭追踪调查数据。流行病学调查用抑郁量表(CES-D)评定抑郁患病情况,使用两水平二分类非条件logistic回归方法分析抑郁症状患病率的影响因素。结果采用本次调查中抑郁得分的第80个百分位数得分为临界值,结果抑郁症状检出率为23.61%;女性相比男性更容易患抑郁症状;丧偶者患抑郁的风险更高;文化程度越高,患抑郁的可能性越低;农村地区中老年更容易患抑郁;患慢病和自评健康差的中老年人患抑郁风险更高;睡眠时间是患抑郁症状的一个保护因素。在控制了以上个体层面因素后,沿海、经济较发达地区的中老年患抑郁的可能性低于内陆、经济欠发达的地区。结论相关卫生部门应该重点关注女性、丧偶、慢性病中老年的抑郁症状问题;在农村地区和经济欠发达的内陆地区,国家应投入更多的卫生资源,预防和改善中老年的抑郁患病情况。Objective To understand the status of depression and its influencing factors in the middle-aged and older adult populations aged 45 and above in China on the basis of data from the 2018 China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),and to provide empirical evidence for the improvement of the mental health of the middle-aged and older adults and the alleviation of their depressive symptoms.Methods The source of the research data was the 2018 CFPS.The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D)was used to assess the prevalence of depression.A two-level two-category unconditional logistics regression method was used to analyze the influencing factors of the prevalence of depressive symptoms.Results The 80 th percentile interval score of depression score was used as the critical value,and the detection rate of depressive symptoms was 23.61%.It was more likely for women to suffer from depressive symptoms than it was for men.Widowed individuals were at an even higher risk for having depression.The more education one had,the lower the possibility of developing depression.Middle-aged and older adults in rural areas were more likely to suffer from depression.Middle-aged and older adults with chronic diseases and self-rated poor health were at higher risk of depression.Sleep time is a protective factor that suppressed symptoms.After controlling the above-mentioned individuallevel factors,middle-aged and older adults in coastal and economically developed areas were less likely to suffer from depression than those from inland and economically underdeveloped areas did.Conclusion The health departments concerned should focus on the depressive symptoms of women,widowed individuals,and middle-aged and older adults with chronic diseases.In rural areas and underdeveloped inland regions,the state should invest more health resources in the prevention and improvement of depression among middle-aged and older adults.

关 键 词：抑郁症状 中老年人 影响因素 多水平统计模型 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]