一种自适应共振解调方法及其在铁路轴承故障诊断中的应用  

Adaptive resonance demodulation method and its application in the fault diagnosis of railway bearings

作　　者：刘文朋 杨绍普[2] 李强[1] 刘永强[2] 顾晓辉[2] LIU Wenpeng;YANG Shaopu;LI Qiang;LIU Yongqiang;GU Xiaohui(School of Mechanical and Electronic Control Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior in Traffic Engineering Structure and System Safety,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院,北京100044 [2]石家庄铁道大学省部共建交通工程结构力学行为与系统安全国家重点实验室,石家庄050043

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2021年第18期86-93,共8页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11790282,12032017,11902205,11802184,12002221);河北省科技计划项目(20310803D);河北省自然科学基金(A2020210028)。

摘　　要：共振解调是滚动轴承诊断中最具优势的方法之一,但解调频带的确定一直是一个巨大的挑战。针对基于传统峭度图方法在复杂干扰的工况下,往往无法正确识别出最优的共振频带进行包络解调的问题,该研究提出了一种基于自相关谱峭度图的自适应共振解调新方法。以滤波后平方包络信号的自相关谱的峭度值作为度量指标,生成一种新的峭度图。最后,通过对高速铁路轴承在空载、静载、动载三种不同工况下的实验信号和铁路货车轴承实验信号进行分析,验证了该方法在复杂工况下的有效性和优越性,具有较高的工程应用价值。Resonance demodulation is one of the most advantageous methods in rolling bearing diagnosis,but the determination of demodulation frequency band is always a huge challenge.In order to solve the problem that the traditional kurtogram based methods can’t identify the optimal resonant frequency band to perform the envelope analysis under the condition of complex interference,a new adaptive resonant demodulation method based on autocorrelation spectrum kurtogram was proposed.The kurtosis of autocorrelation spectrum of the squared envelope of a filtered signal was used as an index to generate a new kurtogram.The validity and superiority of the method under complex working conditions were verified by the experimental signals of a high-speed railway bearing under three different working conditions of no-load,static load and dynamic load and also by a railway truck bearing experimental signal.The proposed method performs a high engineering application value.

关 键 词：滚动轴承 故障诊断 共振解调 峭度图 自相关谱 

分 类 号：TH165[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]