基于车轮磨耗和舒适度的CRH3型动车组型面优化研究  

Wheel profile optimization of CRH3 type of EMU based on wheel wear and passenger comfort

作　　者：祁亚运 戴焕云[2] 干锋[2] 魏来[2] 桑虎唐 QI Yayun;DAI Huanyun;GAN Feng;WEI Lai;SANG Hutang(School of Mechanotronics and Vehicle Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学机电与车辆工程学院,重庆400074 [2]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2021年第18期148-155,共8页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51975485,U1934202,52002344);牵引动力实验室自主研究课题(2019TPL_20)。

摘　　要：随着我国高速列车运营里程不断增大,车辆车轮磨耗日益突出,旅客舒适度近一步降低。车轮磨耗带来的次生问题已经严重影响着我国高速铁路运营的经济性。而这些问题的核心在于轮轨接触关系的变化,该研究在原有车轮型面的基础上,采用了旋转压缩微调法进行车轮型面设计。以车轮踏面磨耗和舒适度为优化目标,采用Kriging代理模型(KSM)和粒子群优化(PSO)算法优化出最优型面。并对优化后型面的轮轨接触特性,动力学特性和车轮磨耗进行仿真分析。结果表明:优化后型面其轮轨接触点分布更加均匀,轮轨最大接触应力进一步减小;同时其临界速度进一步提高,增大了35km/h;在直线和曲线工况下,横向平稳性指标有了进一步降低;优化后型面其轮轨磨耗性能进一步提高,最大磨耗深度减小13.4%。With the continuous increase of the operation mileage of high-speed trains,the wheel wear of the high speed train has been becoming increasingly prominent,and the passenger comfort also has been decreasing.The problems caused by the wheel wear have seriously affected the economics of high-speed railway operation.The core of these problems lies in how to modify the wheel-rail contact relationship.Based on the original wheel profile,a rotary-scaling fine-tuning method for wheel profile design was proposed.The wheel wear and comfort index were set as the optimization goals,the Kriging surrogate model(KSM)and particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm were used to optimize the wheel profile.The wheel-rail contact characteristics,dynamic characteristics and wheel wear of the optimized profile were simulated and analysed.The results show that the wheel-rail contact points of the optimized tread are more evenly distributed,and the maximum wheel-rail contact stress is reduced;its critical speed is further improved,increasing by 35 km/h;under straight and curved track working conditions,the ride index is reduced;the wheel-rail wear performance of the profile is further improved,and the maximum wear depth is reduced by 13.4%.

关 键 词：高速动车组 车轮磨耗 旋转压缩微调(RSFT)法 Kriging代理模型-粒子群优化(KSM-PSO)算法 车轮型面优化 

分 类 号：U270.1[机械工程—车辆工程]