在线辅导中师生高质量对话的内在机理研究  

Study on the Internal Mechanism of High-Quality Dialogue between Teachers and Students in Online Tutoring

作　　者：陈玲 杨重阳 余胜泉 Chen Ling;Yang Chongyang;Yu Shengquan(Advanced Innovation Center for Future Education,Beijing Normal University;Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学未来教育高精尖创新中心 [2]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875

出　　处：《远程教育杂志》2021年第5期76-86,共11页Journal of Distance Education

基　　金：2018年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“信息化促进新时代基础教育公平的研究”(项目编号:18ZDA334)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：师生对话质量是在线辅导中最为重要且始终关注的话题之一,受教师教学经验、学生先验知识等因素的影响。为了深入剖析教师教学经验和学生先验知识对师生对话质量的影响及高质量对话的唤醒机制,首先,基于在线辅导中教师掌控辅导进程的特殊属性明确师生对话的定义,即由“教师引导性话语—学生回应性话语”两个有序变量构成,基于ICAP认知理论框架制定面向教师和学生的话语分类编码方案。其次,采用交叉列联表分析方法,探索教师引导性话语与学生回应性话语的关联关系,确定师生对话的分析单元。最后,借助多因素方差分析、卡方检验、滞后序列分析和内容分析法,探索不同教学经验教师与不同先验知识学生的高质量对话类别、外显对话结构、内隐对话功能。分析结果显示:(1)教师引导性话语类型与学生回应性话语类型存在强关联关系;(2)专家教师、熟手教师与高先验知识学生通过“逻辑连接”的思维方式和“逐层递进”的行为路径,形成生成性高质量对话,呈现“探索性”特征;专家教师、熟手教师与低先验知识学生通过“照应和词汇衔接”的思维方式和“顿悟式”行为路径形成提示性高质量对话,呈现“积累性”特征。The quality of dialogue between teachers and students is one of the most important topics in online tutoring,which is affected by teaching experience of teachers and prior knowledge of students.In order to deeply analyze the influence of teaching experience and prior knowledge on the quality of teacher-student dialogue,and the path to achieve high-quality dialogue,this study defines teacher-student dialogue based on the special attribute that teachers always control the process of online tutoring.Namely,teacher-student dialogue is composed of two ordered variables:“teachers’guiding discourse and students’responsive discourse”.It proposes a classification scheme for teachers and students discourse based on the cognitive framework of ICAP.Secondly,the method of cross-tabs analysis is used to analyze the correlation between teachers’guiding discourse and students’responsive discourse,to determine the analytical unit of teacher-student dialogue.Finally,with the help of multivariate analysis of variance,chi-square test,lag sequence analysis and content analysis,this study explores the high-quality dialogue,explicit dialogue structure and function between teachers with different teaching experience and students with different prior knowledge.The results indicated that,(1)There is a strong correlation between teachers’guiding discourse and students’responsive discourse.(2)The high-quality dialogue between expert,proficient teachers and students with high prior knowledge by the thinking mode of“logical connection”and the behavior path of“layer by layer”,showing the characteristics of“exploration”,while the high-quality dialogue between expert,proficient teachers and students with low prior knowledge by the thinking mode of“reference and lexical cohesion”and the behavior path of“epiphany”,showing the characteristics of“accumulation”.

关 键 词：师生话语 对话结构 对话功能 探索性对话 积累性对话 

分 类 号：G420[文化科学—课程与教学论]