船用柴油机高压共轨系统多构型喷油一致性研究  

Multiconfiguration fuel injection consistency of a high-pressure common rail system for a high-speed marine diesel engine

作　　者：魏云鹏 范立云[1] 陈康 白云[1] 顾远琪 WEI Yunpeng;FAN Liyun;CHEN Kang;BAI Yun;GU Yuanqi(College of Power and Energy Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China;Chongqing Hongjiang Machinery Co., Ltd., Chongqing 402162, China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学动力与能源工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]重庆红江机械有限责任公司,重庆永川402162

出　　处：《哈尔滨工程大学学报》2021年第9期1330-1339,共10页Journal of Harbin Engineering University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51679048,51879059);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(HEUCF180301).

摘　　要：为了研究船用高速柴油机高压共轨系统喷油一致性和压力波动稳定性,本文设计了单轨、双轨串联、双轨并联和无轨4种系统结构。基于AMEsim平台构建了共轨系统整机数值仿真模型,并进行了试验验证。同时开展了不同构型下系统喷油一致性以及压力波动特性变化趋势及影响机理研究。结果表明:系统稳定性受供油量和喷油量间匹配度的影响。4种构型中,单轨系统和双轨并联系统多缸循环喷油量一致性较好,波动过程有明显周期性变化趋势,两侧系统对称性较高;双轨串联系统存在液力延迟现象,无轨系统减小了总高压容积,导致多缸喷射间的影响程度加强。在单缸多循环喷油过程中,间隔周期与轨压波动周期呈倍数关系,使循环过程中喷射压力水平一致,单缸一致性程度较高。4种系统轨压波动的主波动频率区间都在86 Hz附近,受当前转速下的供油频率影响。频域分析发现喷油一致性与系统有效蓄压能力有关,影响了系统稳定性能。To analyze the fuel injection consistency and pressure fluctuation stability of the high-pressure common rail system of a high-speed marine diesel engine,four types of system structures,i.e.,single rail,double rail in series,double rail in parallel,and trackless,are designed.The numerical simulation model of the entire common rail system is built based on the AMESim platform and verified by experiments.Moreover,the fuel injection consistency and pressure fluctuation characteristics of the system under different configurations are investigated.Results show that the stability of the system is affected by the matching degree between fuel supply and fuel injection.Among the four configurations,the single rail and double rail in parallel systems have high consistency in multicylinder cycle fuel injection quantity,evident periodic change trend in the fluctuation process,and high symmetry in the systems on both sides.The double rail in series system exhibits the hydraulic delay phenomenon.The trackless system reduces the total high-pressure volume,resulting in the enhancement of the effect degree among multicylinder injections.Further,the interval and rail pressure fluctuation periods exhibit multiple relationships in the process of single-cylinder multicycle fuel injection,which renders the injection pressure level in the cycle consistent and the consistency of the single cylinder is high.The main frequency range of the rail pressure fluctuation of the four systems is approximately 86 Hz,which is affected by the fuel supply frequency at the current speed.The frequency-domain analysis shows that the fuel injection consistency is related to the effective pressure storage capacity of the system,which affects the stability of the system.

关 键 词：船用高速柴油机 喷油一致性 压力波动特性 系统稳定性 有效蓄压能力 

分 类 号：TK422[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]