光周期诱导对小豆顶端花序发育和花解剖学特性的影响  

The effects of photoperiod-induction on development of apical inflorescence and anatomical property of floret in adzuki bean

作　　者：张磊 刘宇 韩丽丽 马艳杰 宁猛 肖凯[1] 张月辰 ZHANG Lei;LIU Yu;HAN Lili;MA Yanjie;NING Meng;XIAO Kai;ZHANG Yuechen(College of Agriculture,Hebei Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation of Hebei Province,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学农学院/华北作物改良与调控国家重点实验室,河北保定071001

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2021年第4期21-27,共7页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31271653);河北省自然科学基金(C2015204095)。

摘　　要：以晚熟品种‘唐山红小豆’为试验材料,设置短日照(10 h光/14 h暗)和长日照(16 h光/8 h暗)两种光周期处理,研究不同日照处理对小豆顶端花序分化的影响。结果表明:短日照处理下,小豆分别于出苗后26 d和43 d开始和结束顶端花序分化,花序分化时间为17 d;长日照处理下,分别于出苗后42 d和53 d开始和结束顶端花序分化,花序分化时间为11 d。对长、短日照处理产量及产量构成因素研究表明,长日照处理下,小豆单株荚数较短日照处理的单株荚数显著增多(增加162.81%),但单荚粒数和百粒重无显著差异。本研究表明,在日照长度较长的高纬度地区,晚熟小豆品种通过在较短花序分化期内提高小花分化强度,增加单株结荚率和单株粒数,进而增强小豆的产量形成能力。A variety with late-maturity behavior referred to as ’Tangshan adzuki bean’ that possesses infinite pod-setting habit was used as the experimental material, and two photoperiod treatments including short-day treatment(10 h light/14 h dark) and long-day treatment(16 h light/8 h dark) were set up. The morphological anatomy properties of adzuki bean apical inflorescence under long-day and short-day treatments were investigated. The results showed that under the short-day condition, the apical inflorescence differentiation of Tangshan adzuki bean started and ended on the 26 th day and 43 rd day respectively after seedling emergence, and the differentiation duration was 17 days in total. Under the long-day treatment, the apical inflorescence differentiation of Tangshan red adzuki beans started on the 42 nd day after seedling emergence, and ended on the 53 rd day after seedling emergence. Therefore, these results indicated that the short-day treatment can promote the development of apical inflorescence in adzuki bean plants and prolong the differentiation period, which suggested that day length had a significant impact in regulating development of the apical inflorescence. Analyses of yield traits indicated that under long-day treatment, the pods in plants were much more than those under short-day treatment(increased by 162.81%), but the seed number per pod and hundred-kernel weight are similar in plants treated with different photoperiod treatments. Our investigation suggests that the late-maturity cultivars can improve yield formation capacity in high latitude region in adzuki bean cultivation due to the elevated pod establishment under long-day conditions.

关 键 词：小豆 光周期 解剖学 顶端花序 产量 

分 类 号：S521[农业科学—作物学]