黄河口湿地柽柳灌丛对土壤养分分布的影响  

Effects of Tamarix Chinensis on Soil Nutrients Distribution in the Wetland of Yellow River Estuary

作　　者：许婕 陈永金[1] 刘加珍[1] 陈曦 吴昊杰 XU Jie;CHEN Yongjin;LIU Jiazhen;CHEN Xi;WU Haojie(School of Environment and Planning,Liaocheng University,Liaocheng 252059,China)

机构地区：[1]聊城大学环境与规划学院,山东聊城252059

出　　处：《人民黄河》2021年第10期102-108,共7页Yellow River

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAC15B02);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201910447022)。

摘　　要：运用单因素方差分析(ANOVA)和克里金空间插值法,对黄河三角洲河口湿地群落演替方向上碱蓬群落、碱蓬-柽柳群落和柽柳群落中柽柳灌丛对土壤养分分布的影响进行了研究,结果表明:(1)土壤有机质(SOM)和水解氮(AN)含量沿群落演替方向呈递增趋势;速效磷(AP)在碱蓬-柽柳群落含量最大、柽柳群落含量最小;速效钾(AK)在碱蓬-柽柳群落含量最小、柽柳群落含量最大。(2)随着土壤深度的增加,AP含量在3种群落中均呈递减趋势,SOM、AN、AK含量变化趋势在3种群落中存在差异。(3)在群落演替方向上,土壤表层受氮(N)限制的范围逐渐减小,底层受磷(P)限制的范围逐渐增大。(4)不同群落各养分在柽柳冠下平均富集率均大于冠缘的,易形成"肥岛"效应,柽柳群落"肥岛"的发育程度较碱蓬群落高,碱蓬-柽柳群落冠下"肥岛"效应不明显。(5)柽柳灌丛对不同养分的富集作用存在差异,如AK富集作用最大,AP次之;碱蓬-柽柳群落对各养分的富集作用在30~50 cm土层最强,且富集强度远大于碱蓬群落和柽柳群落的。Using one-way variance analysis(ANOVA)and Kriging spatial interpolation,the influences of Tamarix chinensis to the soil nutrients distribution along the direction of plant community succession Suaeda salsa Community,Suaeda salsa-Tamarix Community and Tamarix chinensis Community in the estuary wetland of the Yellow River delta were studied.The results indicate that the contents of soil organic matter(SOM)and available nitrogen(AN)are increased along the direction of community succession.The content of available phosphorus(AP)in JC is the highest and the lowest in CL;the content of available potassium(AK)in CL is the highest and the lowest in JC.Vertically,with the increase of soil depth,the content of AP is decreased in all of the three communities,the varying trends of SOM,AN and AK are different among the three communities.In the direction of plant community succession,the range of N limitation in the surface layer of soil is decreased gradually,in contrast,the range of P limitation in the bottom layer is increased gradually.The average enrichment rate of nutrients under the crown of Tamarix chinensis in all of the three plant communities is higher than that of the crown edge and the development degree of"fertile island"in CL is higher than that of JP,but the effect of"fertile island"under JC is not obvious.In addition,the enrichment degree of different nutrients under the crown of Tamarix chinensis is different from each other.For instance,enrichment rate of AK is higher than AP.JC has the highest enrichment rate on various nutrient indices in the layer of 30-50 cm and it is much higher than that of JP and CL.

关 键 词：黄河口湿地 土壤养分 柽柳 肥岛 氮磷比 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S153[农业科学—土壤学]