LBA:轻量级区块链架构  

LBA:lightweight blockchain architecture

作　　者：邓小鸿[1] 朱年红 黄磊 王智强 刘惠文[1] Deng Xiaohong;Zhu Nianhong;Huang Lei;Wang Zhiqiang;Liu Huiwen(College of Applied Science,Jiangxi University of Science&Technology,Ganzhou Jiangxi 341000,China;College of Information Science,Jiangxi University of Science&Technology,Ganzhou Jiangxi 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学应用科学学院,江西赣州341000 [2]江西理工大学信息工程学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《计算机应用研究》2021年第10期2904-2908,2914,共6页Application Research of Computers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61762046);江西省自然科学基金资助项目(2020BABL202032);江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ209412)。

摘　　要：针对现有区块链架构在面临垂直结构型的轻量级应用时存在着结构冗余、性能不足的缺点,提出一种轻量级区块链架构(lightweight blockchain architecture,LBA)。在数据层,提出按行存储机制提高数据读写效率,并增加基于MongoDB的存储方式,支持海量数据的线下隔离存储。在共识层,设计分层共识机制,将节点按事务粒度划分为决策层和执行层,减少参与共识的节点数量,提升共识效率。在网络层,提出分布式结构化网络模型,提高网络中数据的广播效率。在应用层,设计自定义事务接口,支持不同场景下的区块链系统功能定制,采用自定义的有限状态机取代图灵机,提高智能合约的可控性和降低复杂度。实验仿真结果表明,LBA架构能有效提高区块链系统中的数据存储效率、网络通信和共识效率,适用于区块链的轻量级中小型应用。The existing blockchain architecture have structural redundancy and performance weakness when facing vertical structural lightweight applications.Therefore,this paper proposed a lightweight blockchain architecture.In the data layer,it designed a data storage mechanism by row to improve data read and write efficiency,and presented a storage methods based on MongoDB to support offline isolated storage of massive data.In the consensus layer,a hierarchical consensus mechanism divided nodes into decision-making and execution layers according to transaction granularity,reducing the number of nodes participating in the consensus and improving the efficiency of consensus.In the network layer,it introduced a distributed structured network model to improve the efficiency of data broadcasting.In the application layer,it proposed the user-defined transaction interface to support the function customization of blockchain system in different scenarios,and used the user-defined finite state machine replace the Turing machine to improve the controllability and complexity of smart contracts.The simulation experiments show that the LBA architecture can effectively improve the data storage efficiency,network communication and consensus efficiency in the blockchain system.LBA can be applied to the lightweight small and medium-sized application scenarios of the blockchain.

关 键 词：轻量级 区块链 体系结构 共识算法 智能合约 

分 类 号：TP311.1[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]