无花果叶共生菌发酵的菌种富集及抑菌活性的筛选  

The screening and enrichment of symbiotic bacterial strain with antimicrobial activity and ability of fermenting Ficus carica′s leaves

作　　者：李莉莉 宋捷 温欣 田芳芳 庞爽 梁瑞娜 陈营[1] LI Li-li;SONG Jie;WEN Xin;TIAN Fang-fang;PANG Shuang;LIANG Rui-na;CHEN Ying(College of Life Sciences,Yantai University,Yantai,Shandong 264005,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]烟台大学生命科学学院,山东烟台264005 [2]烟台绿叶动物保健品有限公司

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2021年第8期886-890,896,共6页Chinese Journal of Microecology

基　　金：烟台市重点研发计划(2018ZDCX018)。

摘　　要：目的从无花果叶中分离和筛选能发酵分解无花果叶及具有抑菌作用的共生菌。方法采用以无花果叶作为唯一碳源的富集培养方法,分离共生菌并分析发酵菌群的构成。同时,通过研磨法直接分离无花果叶内生菌,对分离菌株进行分子生物学鉴定,利用平板滤纸片法进行菌株的抑菌活性分析。结果无花果叶发酵菌群由11种22株细菌构成,其中优势菌为短波单胞菌(Brevundimonas naejangsanensis)、嗜温鞘氨醇杆菌(Sphingobacterium thalpophilum)和副球菌(Paracoccus sp.)。没有获得发酵无花果叶的真菌菌群,只分离出1株产黄青霉菌(Penicillium chrysogenum)。直接分离共获得无花果叶内生细菌8种14株和内生真菌3种9株。抑菌试验表明,来源于富集培养的泡囊短波单胞菌(Brevundimonas vesicularis)和产黄青霉菌以及来源于内生菌的枯草芽胞杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)对枯草芽胞杆菌、大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌3种指示菌有不同的抑菌作用,且它们的抑菌谱各不相同。泡囊短波单胞菌只在无花果叶中培养时才表现出抑菌活性。结论短波单胞菌可能与无花果叶的发酵分解有关,泡囊短波单胞菌与无花果叶之间发生了相互作用,因此,这2株菌可以作为无花果叶发酵的候选菌种应用。Objective To isolate and screen the symbiotic bacteria from Ficus carica leaves with ability to degrade fig leaves by fermentation and inhibit bacteria. Methods The symbiotic bacteria were isolated by using enriched culture medium with fig leaves as the sole carbon source, and the fermentation flora was analyzed. The endophytes were isolated directly from fig leaves with grinding method. The isolated strains were characterized using molecular biology method. The antimicrobial activities were determined with plate disc method. Results The bacterial flora of fig leaves fermentation was composed of 22 strains belonging to 11 species. The dominant bacteria were Brevundimonas naejangsanensis, Sphingobacterium thalpophilum and Paracoccus sp. The fungal flora of fig leaves fermentation was not obtained, and only one Penicillium chrysogenum strain was isolated. The endophytes of 14 bacterial strains belonging to 8 species and 9 fungal strains belonging to 3 species were obtained by directly isolation. The antimicrobial results showed that Brevundimonas vesicularis and Penicillium chrysogenum from enrichment culture, and the endophyte Bacillus subtilis had different inhibitory effects on Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus(indicator bacteria), and their inhibitory spectra were different. Brevundimonas vesicularis was shown to have antimicrobial activity only when it was cultured with fig leaves. Conclusion Brevundimonas naejangsanensis is relevant to the degradation of fig leaves possibly and Brevundimonas vesicularis may interact with fig leaves. Thus, these two strains can be used as the candidate for fermentation of fig leaves.

关 键 词：无花果叶 共生菌 内生菌 富集培养 抑菌活性 

分 类 号：R285[医药卫生—中药学]