豫南大别山区野生牧草种质资源搜集与评价  

Collect and evaluation of wild forage germplasm resources in Dabie Mountain area, Southern Henan Province

作　　者：王鹤桦[1] 刘金海[1,2] 雷宇鸣[3] 任柯昱 WANG Hehua;LIU Jinhai;LEI Yuming;REN Keyu(Xinyang Vocational and Technical College,Xinyang 464000,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Henan Xinyang Animal Husbandry Workstation,Xinyang 464000,China)

机构地区：[1]信阳职业技术学院,河南信阳464000 [2]云南农业大学动物科技学院,昆明650201 [3]河南省信阳市畜牧工作站,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2021年第17期89-95,103,共8页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(172102110200);河南省高等学校青年骨干教师培养计划项目(2016GGJS-274)。

摘　　要：为了探明豫南大别山区野生牧草种质资源种类及可利用价值,试验采用查阅文献和野外实地调查相结合的方法,对采集到的野生牧草进行了植物学分类,记录了生活型、生境、来源地和用途,测定了鲜草产量,并分析了粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维、粗灰分、无氮浸出物等营养成分含量。结果表明:野生牧草共14个科60个属72个种,以禾本科(Gramineae)为主,然后依次为豆科(Leguminosae)、菊科(Compositae)、莎草科(Cyperceae)。豫南大别山区野生牧草资源丰富,以多年生野生牧草为主,伴生有大量一年生野生牧草,除了饲用价值外,有些野生牧草兼具有绿肥、绿化、工业生产、食用、药用、蜜源等一种或多种用途。粗蛋白含量为4.6%~22.4%,粗脂肪含量为1.2%~4.5%,粗纤维含量为15.6%~40.6%,粗灰分含量为5.5%~11.6%,无氮浸出物含量为31.6%~44.4%。说明豫南大别山区野生牧草种质资源丰富,野生牧草饲用价值较高,具有较大的开发利用潜力。根据不同野生牧草种质资源的特性和用途,提出了适宜的开发利用建议。In order to find out the species and utilizable value of wild forage germplasm resources in Dabie Mountains of Southern Henan Province, the method of literature review and field investigation was adopted in the experiment. The collected wild forage was botanically classified, the life type, habitat, gathering place and use were recorded, the fresh matter yield was measured, and the nutrient components content, such as crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, ash and nitrogen-free were analyzed. The results showed that there were 72 forage grass species in 60 genera, 14 families in wild forage. Gramineae was the dominant species, followed by Leguminosae, Compositae and Cyperceae families. The dabie mountain area in southern Henan Province is rich in wild forage resources, mainly perennial wild forage, accompanied by a large number of annual wild forage, in addition to feeding value, some of the wild forage also has one or more uses, such as green manure, green, industrial, edible, medicinal, nectar source, etc. The contents of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, ash and nitrogen-free extract were 4.6%-22.4%, 1.2%-4.5%, 15.6%-40.6%, 5.5%-11.6% and 31.6%-44.4% respectively. The results indicated that the germplasm resources of wild forage in Dabie Mountain area of Southern Henan Province were rich, and the wild forage had high feeding value, and had great potential for development and utilization. According to the characteristics and uses of different wild forage germplasm resources, five suitable suggestions for exploitation and utilization were put forward.

关 键 词：豫南 野生牧草 种质资源 热性草丛 营养成分 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]