英语中词类对拉丁、日耳曼词源词汇区别语域作用的影响  

The impact of word classes on register differentiation by words of Latinate/Germanic origin in English

作　　者：王晓平 Wang Xiaoping

机构地区：[1]上海第二工业大学文理学部,上海201209

出　　处：《外语教学》2021年第5期31-36,共6页Foreign Language Education

基　　金：2020年上海市教委重点课程——线下课程“英语视听”(项目编号:A01GY21G013-04)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：长久以来,在对学术语篇的研究中,拉丁词源词汇较多用于学术语篇,日耳曼词源词汇多用于口语语篇被作为一个事实和研究基础。然而,两种不同词源词汇区别语域的作用是否受到词类的影响却鲜有人做出研究,定量研究则更少。通过提取英语国家语料库(BNC)学术语篇最常用的50个名词和50个实义动词,确定其词源,对比其在学术语篇和口语语篇中的出现频率,我们发现,英语中,尽管拉丁词源词汇仍然是学术语篇的典型特征,但名词与动词之间存在差异;另外,不同词源词汇在学术语篇和口语语篇中渗透的广度和深度也各不相同。该研究结果可能对学术词汇、学术语篇人际意义研究与教学以及夯实学术语篇研究基础带来一定启示。Previous research has long treated it as a fact or an underlying premise that vocabularies of Latinate origin in English appear predominantly in academic discourse,while words of Germanic origin prevail in spoken discourse.However,to our knowledge,few studies have been carried out to explore whether word class is a factor of impact in that register differentiation process.By collecting the first 50 most frequently used nouns and 50 lexical verbs in the academic sub-corpus of the BNC,verifying their etymological origins,their frequency in academic and oral discourse,we find that although the persistent use of Latinate words is still a typical characteristic of academic discourse,manifestation of that feature is not consistent between verbs and nouns.In addition,the degree of dynamic penetration of words of different origins between registers,to be specific,academic and spoken,is also dependent on parts of speech.This finding may shed light on the research and teaching of academic vocabulary,interpersonal meaning in academic discourse as well as solidifying the foundation of academic English research as a whole.

关 键 词：词类 拉丁词源词汇 日耳曼词源词汇 学术语篇 口语语篇 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]