儿童精神障碍的遗传机制研究进展  

Review of the genetic studies of mental disorders of children

作　　者：郑浩浩 庞滔 常素华 ZHENG Haohao;PANG Tao;CHANG Suhua(Peking University Sixth Hospital,Peking University Institute of Mental Health,NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health(Peking University),National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders(Peking University Sixth Hospital),Research Units of Diagnosis and Treatment of Mood Cognitive Disorder,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第六医院,北京大学精神卫生研究所,国家卫生健康委员会精神卫生学重点实验室(北京大学),国家精神心理疾病临床医学研究中心(北京大学第六医院),中国医学科学院情感认知障碍综合诊疗关键技术创新单元,北京100191

出　　处：《科技导报》2021年第18期41-49,共9页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31871259)。

摘　　要：儿童精神障碍是一类在儿童和少年期发病的异常行为和精神障碍,具有较高的发病率,是遍及世界各国的重要问题之一。综述了几种常见儿童精神障碍的主要遗传学研究类型、相关的主要结果,总结了遗传位点鉴定后的功能研究方法及结果,提出了目前儿童精神障碍遗传学研究的挑战和未来的研究方向。Children’s mental disorder is a type of abnormal behavior and mental disorder in the childhood and the adolescence,with a high incidence rate,as one of the important problems all over the world.This paper reviews the genetics research progress of several common childhood mental disorders(attention deficit,hyperactivity disorder,autism,and others).Most childhood mental disorders have a high degree of heritability.Understanding the pathogenesis of childhood mental disorders from a genetic point of view,identifying the disease-related genetic loci,and further understanding the function of the genetic loci,will provide important basic data for the disease prevention,the diagnosis and the precision treatment.This paper discusses the main genetic research types and the related main results of several common childhood mental disorders,and on this basis,outlines the functional research methods and results after the identification of the genetic loci,and finally proposes some future directions for the genetic research of childhood mental disorders.The result will prouide inspiration for the future genetic research of childhood mental disorders.

关 键 词：儿童青少年 精神障碍 遗传机制 共病 遗传交叉 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]