破冰船柴电混合动力系统优化设计及敏感性分析  

Optimization design and sensitivity analysis of diesel/battery hybrid propulsion system for polar icebreaker

作　　者：杜文龙 郭凤祥 陈俐[1,2] DU Wenlong;GUO Fengxiang;CHEN Li(Institute of Marine Power Plant and Automation,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学动力装置及其自动化研究所,上海200240 [2]上海交通大学海洋工程国家重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《中国舰船研究》2021年第5期127-136,共10页Chinese Journal of Ship Research

基　　金：国家工业和信息化部基金资助项目(G18473CZ04)。

摘　　要：[目的]针对极地破冰船的经济性和环保性要求,提出由柴油发电机组和储能电池组成的破冰船柴电混合动力系统。[方法]首先,基于冰载荷变化等级建立阻力模型,并采用反向建模法建立柴电混合动力系统的能量流模型;然后,以破冰船的年油耗量和生命周期总成本为优化目标,采用快速非支配排序遗传优化算法(NSGA-II)对动力系统设计参数进行优化,并基于优劣解距离法(TOPSIS)得到最优设计方案;最后,开展优化目标对7个设计参数的敏感性分析。[结果]仿真结果表明,柴电混合动力系统的最优设计方案比传统柴电推进系统节约了1.89%油耗,且纯电航行总里程占比为31.22%,但储能电池的引入降低了系统经济性。参数敏感性分析结果表明,2个优化目标对主机容量、电池组数量、电池荷电状态边界的敏感度较高,而对减速器减速比、电机转子体积和螺旋桨尺寸则相对不敏感。[结论]研究成果可为破冰船及柴电混合动力船舶的参数设计提供参考。[Objectives]For the economic and environmental requirements of polar ice-breakers,a hybrid propulsion system composed of diesel generator sets and a rechargeable battery is proposed.[Methods]First,the resistance model is established on the basis of ice scale,and the energy flow model of the diesel/battery hybrid propulsion system is established using the inverse simulation method.The compon-ent parameters of the propulsion system are then optimized on the basis of an elitist nondominated sorting ge-netic algorithm-II(NSGA-II)with"annual fuel consumption"and"total cost of entire life cycle"as the optim-ization objectives,and the optimal design is obtained via the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS)method.Finally,the sensitivity analysis of the optimization objectives to seven design parameters is conducted.[Results]The results show that the optimal design scheme of the diesel/battery hy-brid propulsion system can save 1.89%in fuel consumption compared with the traditional diesel-electric propulsion system,and the pure electric navigation time accounts for 31.22%of the whole voyage,but the re-chargeable battery reduces the economy of the system.The sensitivity analysis shows that the optimization ob-jectives("annual fuel consumption"and"total cost of entire life cycle")of the hybrid propulsion system are sensitive to main engine capacity,number of battery packs and battery state of charge,while less sensitive to reducer ratio,motor capacity and propeller size.[Conclusions]The results of this study can provide refer-ences for the research and design of polar icebreakers and other diesel/battery hybrid electric ships.

关 键 词：极地破冰船 柴电混合动力 优化设计 敏感性分析 

分 类 号：U664.16[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]