2019年澳大利亚森林火灾期间亚澳季风特征分析  

The Characteristics of the Asian-Australian Monsoon During the Australia Bushfires in 2019

作　　者：田永丽 彭启洋 黎文懋 王秋华 TIAN Yongli;PENG Qiyang;LI Wenmao;WANG Qiuhua(Yunnan Meteorological Service Center,Kunming 650091,China;The Faculty of Civil Engineering,Yunnan Key laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省气象服务中心,云南昆明650091 [2]西南林业大学土木工程学院,云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《灾害学》2021年第4期48-53,共6页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960318)。

摘　　要：利用NECP再分析资料、CMAP全球逐月降水数据和中国国家气候中心季风指数资料,对2019年澳大利亚森林火灾前后的年、季气候特征,以及东亚冬季风、澳大利亚季风和越赤道气流的月尺度特征进行分析。结果表明,2019年澳大利亚大陆表现出高度一致的气温偏高、降水偏少特征。火灾爆发前的3—8月,新南威尔士州林火区气温偏高0.8℃~1℃,降水偏少20%~40%;火灾爆发期间9月至次年1月,林火区气温偏高1.0℃~1.5℃,降水偏少40%~60%。2019年澳大利亚北部冬季风指数偏强,历时偏长,夏季风建立偏晚;北半球秋季到初冬东亚冬季风强度偏弱。2019年环流转换期间(2019年11月至2020年1月)105°E越赤道气流偏弱偏东;南半球低纬偏强的高低空风场配置对越赤道气流的季节转向产生了阻滞作用。Based on the NECP reanalysis data,CMAP precipitation data and the monsoon indices from the National Climate Center of China,the annual and the seasonal climate characteristics,and the monthly characteristics of the East Asian Winter Monsoon(EAWM),the Australian Monsoon(AM)and the Cross-equatorial flow(CF)before and after the bushfires in Australia in 2019 are analyzed.The results show that there are higher temperatures and less rainfall across the Australia in 2019.From March to August before the fire happening,the temperatures in the forest fire areas of New South Wales are higher than normal,about 0.8℃~1℃,and the rainfall waslessthan normal,about 20~40%.During the fire outbreak period from September to January 2010,the temperatures are higher than normal,about 1.0℃~1.5℃,and the rainfall islessthan normal,about 40~60%.In 2019,the Australian winter monsoon(AWM)is strong and lasted for a long time,leading to the late establishment of the Australian summer monsoon(ASM).The establishment time of EAWM is normal,but the intensity is obviously weak.The intensity ofthe CF located at 105°E is weak,while the intensity of the CF located at the east of 125°E was strongduring the transition period of winter and summer circulation(November 2019 to January 2020).The wind configuration of the upper and lower levels in the low-latitudes of the southern hemisphere hindered the seasonal evolution of the CF.

关 键 词：澳大利亚 森林火灾 亚澳季风 越赤道气流 

分 类 号：X4[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] X915.5