甲下恶性黑色素瘤的研究进展  

Research progress of subungual malignant melanoma

作　　者：孔桂香[1] 武玉娟[2] 马崇智 田军 刘娜 徐茜 KONG Guixiang;WU Yujuan;MA Chongzhi;TIAN Jun;LIU Na;XU Qian(Department of Gastroenterology,Second Hospital of Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730030,China;Department of Dermatology,Second Hospital of Lanzhou University;Department of Dermatology,the Medical Unit of 63600th Troops,PLA;Department of Dermatology,Shaanxi Provincial People′s Hospital;Department of Gastroenterology,the Medical Unit of 63600th Troops,PLA)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学第二医院消化内科,甘肃兰州730030 [2]兰州大学第二医院皮肤科 [3]解放军63600部队医院皮肤科 [4]陕西省人民医院皮肤科 [5]解放军63600部队医院内科

出　　处：《西北国防医学杂志》2021年第7期730-735,共6页Medical Journal of National Defending Forces in Northwest China

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2012JM4025);甘肃省卫生健康行业科研计划项目(GSWSHL2020-33)。

摘　　要：甲下恶性黑色素瘤发病率相对低,临床上缺乏识别,导致该病就诊时已为晚期,预后差。查阅并分析国内外最新相关文献,探讨该病的流行病学、病因、临床表现、病理学特征、诊断、鉴别诊断、治疗及预后等。发现目前该病首选治疗方式仍为手术治疗,生物化学治疗和免疫治疗为术后首选辅助治疗。但对于更多临床诊断为晚期的甲下恶性黑色素瘤患者来说,免疫检查点抑制剂和分子靶向药物,可以使此类患者获得比以往更好的生存期。临床医师应提高对本病的识别度,早发现、早诊断、早治疗可以有效降低病死率。The incidence of subungual malignant melanoma is relatively low and lack of clinical recognition,which leads to the advanced stage of diagnosis and poor prognosis.The epidemiology,etiology,clinical manifestations,pathological features,diagnosis,differential diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of the disease are discussed by reviewing the latest relevant literatures at home and abroad.It is found that surgery is still the preferred treatment for this disease,and biochemistry therapy and immunotherapy are the preferred adjuvant treatment after surgery.However,immune checkpoint inhibitors and molecular targeted drugs are promising better survival for more patients with subungual malignant melanoma.clinicians should improve the recognition of this disease.Early detection,early diagnosis and early treatment can effectively reduce the mortality rate.

关 键 词：恶性黑色素瘤 甲下或指甲 临床特点 诊断 治疗 

分 类 号：R739.5[医药卫生—肿瘤]