Does Tenure Security Reduce Disaster Risk? A Comparative Study of the Nairobi Settlements of Kibera and Kawangware  

作　　者：Rónán McDermott Pat Gibbons Dalmas Ochieng Charles Owuor Olungah Desire Mpanje 

机构地区：[1]Centre for Humanitarian Action,University College Dublin,Dublin,D04 V1W8,Ireland [2]Institute for Anthropology,Gender and African Studies,University of Nairobi,Nairobi,30197,Kenya

出　　处：《International Journal of Disaster Risk Science》2021年第4期445-457,共13页国际灾害风险科学学报（英文版）

基　　金：The project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sk?odowska-Curie grant agreement no. 691060

摘　　要：While scholarship suggests that improving tenure security and housing significantly reduces disaster risk at the household level within urban settings,this assertion has not been adequately tested.Tenure security can be conceived as being composed of three interrelated and overlapping forms:tenure security as determined by legal systems;de facto tenure security;and tenure security as perceived by residents.This article traces the relationship between tenure security,the quality of housing,and disaster risk on the basis of a mixed methods comparative case study of the settlements of Kawangware and Kibera in Nairobi.Although the findings suggest that owner-occupancy is associated with the structural integrity of dwellings to a greater extent than tenantship,no association was found between the length of occupancy by households and the structural integrity of the dwelling.Moreover,tenantship is not found to be closely associated with fires and flooding affecting the dwelling as extant scholarship would suggest.Formal ownership is linked with greater investment and upgrading of property with significant implications for disaster risk.Our findings highlight the complex relationship between tenure security and disaster risk in urban informal settlements and provide impetus for further investigation.

关 键 词：Disaster risk Fire and flood risk Tenure security Urban hazards Urban informal settlements 

分 类 号：X4[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]