Development of a Rapid Risk and Impact Assessment Tool to Enhance Response to Environmental Emergencies in the Early Stages of a Disaster: A Tool Developed by the European Multiple Environmental Threats Emergency NETwork (EMETNET) Project  

作　　者：Emma-Jane Goode Eirian Thomas Owen Landeg Raquel Duarte-Davidson Lisbeth Hall Jolanda Roelofs Sjors Schulpen Arnout De Bruin Elisabeth Wigenstam Birgitta Liljedahl Annica Waleij Louise Simonsson Ann Göransson Nyberg 

机构地区：[1]Centre for Radiation,Chemicals and Environment,Public Health England(PHE),Harwell Campus,Didcot,OX11 ORQ,UK [2]Centre for Environmental Safety and Security,National Institute for Public Health and the Environment(RIVM),Bilthoven,3721 MA,The Netherlands [3]Division of CBRN Defence and Security,Swedish Defense Research Agency(FOI),90182,Umeå,Sweden

出　　处：《International Journal of Disaster Risk Science》2021年第4期528-539,共12页国际灾害风险科学学报（英文版）

基　　金：The European Multiple Environmental Threats emergency NETwork(EMETNET)project was co-funded by the European Union.

摘　　要：Every year,numerous environmental disasters and emergencies occur across the globe with far-reaching impacts on human health and the environment.The ability to rapidly assess an environmental emergency to mitigate potential risks and impacts is paramount.However,collating the necessary evidence in the early stages of an emergency to conduct a robust risk assessment is a major challenge.This article presents a methodology developed to help assess the risks and impacts during the early stages of such incidents,primarily to support the European Union Civil Protection Mechanism but also the wider global community in the response to environmental emergencies.An online rapid risk and impact assessment tool has also been developed to promote enhanced collaboration between experts who are working remotely,considering the impact of a disaster on the environment and public health in the short,medium,and long terms.The methodology developed can support the appropriate selection of experts and assets to be deployed to affected regions to ensure that potential public health and environmental risks and impacts are mitigated whenever possible.This methodology will aid defensible decision making,communication,planning,and risk management,and presents a harmonized understanding of the associated impacts of an environmental emergency.

关 键 词：Civil protection Environmental emergencies Impact assessment Risk assessment Systematic expert judgment 

分 类 号：X4[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]