中国幼儿教育政策中的小学化由来与治理  

Origin and Governance of Primary School-oriented in China's Early Childhood Education Policy

作　　者：孙凤华 马乐 SUN Feng-hua;MA Le(School of Educational Science,Tonghua Normal University,Tonghua 134002,China;Hiroshima University)

机构地区：[1]通化师范学院教育科学学院,吉林通化134002 [2]日本广岛大学

出　　处：《通化师范学院学报》2021年第9期51-56,共6页Journal of Tonghua Normal University

基　　金：吉林省教育科学规划一般课题“吉林省通化地区农村学前教育改革热点问题与推进机制研究”(GH150461);“吉林省东南部地区普惠性幼儿园运行保障机制研究”(GH19275);吉林省教育厅科学研究项目(JJKH20170446SK,JJKH20200493SK)。

摘　　要：采用文献法,针对中国幼儿教育政策中的小学化由来、改进与治理等进行考察表明:中国幼儿教育的小学化现象,清朝末年,自规范的幼儿教育机构产生以来就存在了;中华人民共和国教育部成立后,幼儿教育政策中的小学化现象,由借鉴苏联的分科教学法经验而来,且深入到幼教工作者的观念层面,体现在小学化的“知识与技能”目标与任务、小学化的“间接经验”等智育内容,小学化的“双基”作业等。中国政府着重对幼儿教育中的小学化现象进行了全面、持续性地纠正与改进,乃至近年来的全面重拳治理。在幼儿教育层面的上下求索,终将为人类的教育事业贡献力量与智慧。Using the literature method,this paper investigates the origin,improvement and governance of primary school-oriented in China's early childhood education policy,the results show that the phenomenon of primary school-oriented has existed since the emergence of standardized early childhood education institutions in the late Qing Dynasty.After the establishment of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China,the phenomenon of primary school-oriented in the early childhood education policy is derived from the experience of the Soviet Union's subject-based teaching method,and go deep into the con-ceptual level of preschool educators.It is embodied in the intellectual education contents such as the"knowledge and skills"objectives and tasks of primary school-oriented,the"indirect experience"of primary school-oriented,and the"double-base"homework of primary school-oriented.The Chinese government has focused on the comprehensive and continuous correction and reconstruction of the phenomenon of primaryschooloriented in early childhood education,and has even made heavy efforts in recent years.Contributing strength and wisdom to the cause of human education in the up-and-down search at the level of early childhood education.

关 键 词：学前教育制度 幼儿教育政策 改进小学化现象 治理小学化现象 

分 类 号：G510[文化科学—教育学]