不同水肥管理模式对糯玉米叶片抗氧化酶及产量的影响  

Effects of Different Water and Fertilizer Treatment Modes on Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Yield of Waxy Corn Leaves

作　　者：李若帆[1] 马娟娟[1] 孙西欢[1,2] 郭向红[1] 段勇 任青 LI Ruo-fan;MA Juan-juan;SUN Xi-huan;GUO Xiang-hong;DUAN Yong;REN Qing(Tai Yuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Jinzhong University,Jinzhong 030600,Shanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学,太原030024 [2]晋中学院,山西晋中030600

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2021年第9期18-22,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划重点项目(201703D211009)。

摘　　要：为了探讨全膜双垄沟播条件下糯玉米叶片过氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)等抗氧化酶活性、丙二醛(MDA)积累量、产量及水分利用率对不同水肥措施的响应,选择适宜糯玉米生长的最适宜水肥管理措施。设置2个灌水水平:I_(0)(控制4个时期土壤水分含量于适宜水平,具体为播种期、苗期至拔节前期、拔节后期至孕穗期及孕穗期至开花期分别为田间持水量的75%~85%、65%~75%、70%~80%及70%~80%)、I_(1)(控制2个时期土壤水分含量于适宜水平,具体为播种期、拔节后期至孕穗期均为田间持水量的75%~85%)及3个施肥水平:F_(0)(氮磷钾肥均基施)、F_(1)(氮钾肥基施加追施,基施、拔节期和大喇叭口追施比例为3∶3∶4,P肥全部基施)和F_(2)(氮钾肥基施加追施,基施、大喇叭口追施比例为3∶7,磷肥全部基施)进行研究。结果表明:不同水肥条件下叶片SOD、CAT变化趋势均为先增大至孕穗期后减小,POD、MDA全生育期逐步增加,I_(0)水平不同施肥处理间叶片MDA各生育期差异均不显著,SOD、POD、CAT对水肥敏感程度为POD>SOD>CAT,各处理糯玉米穗长、穗粗、行数及粒数均无显著差异,F_(1)I_(0)、F_(2)I_(0)可以显著增加糯玉米百粒干重,籽粒产量F_(1)、F_(2)高于F_(0),I_(0)高于I_(1),最高增产10.9%,因此在全膜双垄沟播条件下,F_(2)I_(1)为本年型最优水肥措施。In order to investigate the effects of different water and fertilizer treatment modes on the activities of SOD,POD and CAT,the accumulation of MDA in leaf,yield and WUE of waxy maize under the condition of double ridge and furrow with whole film mulching,and to select the most suitable water and fertilizer management mode,two irrigation levels were set,including I_(0)(control the soil moisture content at the appropriate level at four stages,namely 75%~85%,65%~75%,70%~80% and 70%~80% of the field water capacity at sowing stage,seedling stage to early jointing stage,late jointing stage to booting stage and booting stage to anthesis stage)and I_(1)(control the soil moisture content at an appropriate level for two periods,specifically 75%~85%of the field water capacity at the sowing stage,late jointing stage and booting stage).Also,three fertilizer levels were set,including F_(0)(NPK fertilizer as basal),F_(1)(combination of basal and topdressing of N/K fertilizer,basal application,jointing stage and trumpet top application ratio is 3∶3∶4,all basal application of P fertilizer)and F_(2)(combination of basal and topdressing of N/K fertilizer,base,and huge bellbottom topdressing proportion is 3∶7,all basal application of P fertilizer).The results showed that under different water and fertilizer conditions,the change trend of SOD and CAT in leaves increased first to booting stage and then decreased,and POD and MDA increased gradually in the whole growth period.There was no significant difference in MDA during growth period among different treatments of I_(0) level.The sensitivity degree of SOD,POD and CAT to water and fertilizer was POD>SOD>CAT,F_(1)I_(0) and F_(2)I_(0) could significantly increase the 100-grain dry weight of waxy corn,and the grain yield of F_(1) and F_(2) was higher than that of F_(0),and I_(0) was higher than that of I_(1),with the highest yield increase of 10.9%.Therefore,F_(2)I_(1) was the optimal water and fertilizer measure of this year under the condition of double ridge and furrow with who

关 键 词：糯玉米 过氧化物歧化酶 过氧化氢酶 过氧化物酶 丙二醛 施肥方式 灌水模式 水肥管理 水肥耦合 适宜水分 

分 类 号：S274.1[农业科学—农业水土工程] S365[农业科学—农业工程]