《庄子》的语言自觉与其神秘论道之理解  

The Self-consciousness on Language and the Understanding of Mysterious Discussion of Dao in Zhuangzi

作　　者：林凯 LIN Kai(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Hunan University,Changsha,Hunan,410082)

机构地区：[1]湖南大学中国语言文学学院,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《安徽大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第5期45-54,共10页Journal of Anhui University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：《庄子》所论之道神秘超验,容易引起读者经验上的质疑;但《庄子》文本又有其特殊性,也即作者对自身言说所可能引发的质疑已表明出充分的自觉,并因此在表达策略上作出了自觉的回应与处理。这一语言自觉要求读者不可轻易摒弃或臆解《庄子》的神秘论述,而应紧扣文本,积极利用作者给出的阅读提示,做出合乎作者期待的理解。考察庄子对自身语言使用的自觉,可以发现,他运用了“三言”、情节转变设计以及理性辨析这三种语言策略来贯彻其避开论争、破除执见并提升读者素质的意图,以求实现对读者经验质疑的化解。这些“作者自觉”在正面揭示道论内涵上作用有限,相反,它提醒读者应该保留道论的某种“神秘性”;不过,它极大地促进了读者的自我反省与理性突破,为进一步的静修锻炼和道论理解提供了准备。The Dao in Zhuangzi is mysterious and transcendent,susceptible to readers challenges based on their own experience.Zhuangzi,peculiar in text formation,was fully aware of this question and made a conscious response in expressing strategy.These self-consciousness of language requires readers to neither dismiss nor interpret it thoughtlessly,but to actively use hints based on text and to understand appropriately in line with the author s expectation.By inspecting Zhuangzi s self-consciousness in language use,it can be found that three language strategies are consciously adopted to dispel readers doubts,including“San-Yan(三言)”,changes in plot and differentiation by reasoning to avoid controversy,abandon prejudice and improve the quality of readers.These self-consciousness in language use had limited effect in revealing the connotation of Dao,but reminded readers of the necessity to keep the mystery of Dao instead.It greatly promoted readers self-reflection and spiritual breakthrough,providing preparation for further meditation practice and the understanding of Dao.

关 键 词：庄子 论道 作者自觉 语言策略 三言 

分 类 号：B223[哲学宗教—中国哲学]