微支抗钉辅助上颌磨牙远移矫治设计的研究进展  

Research progress in designs of upper molar distalization with micro-implant

作　　者：颜杉钰 李娟[1] YAN Shan-yu;LI Juan(State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&Dept.of Orthodontics,West China Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,四川大学华西口腔医院正畸科,成都610041

出　　处：《中华老年口腔医学杂志》2021年第5期301-305,共5页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Dentistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(项目编号:31670951,31971240)。

摘　　要：上颌磨牙远移是矫治轻至中度安氏II类错牙合的重要策略之一,通过非拔牙矫治方式纠正II类磨牙关系,不仅为患者保留了更多的功能牙,同时也有效缩短了治疗时间。上颌磨牙远移取得成功的关键是支抗的控制。由于传统支抗方式难以完全对抗磨牙远移的反作用力,会存在不同程度的前牙支抗丧失;很长一段时期内,上颌磨牙远移的对象仅限于第二恒磨牙尚未萌出的青少年患者。随着微支抗钉的问世,作为一种更为可靠的支抗装置,克服了传统支抗的诸多不足;在其辅助下上颌磨牙远移的疗效有了新的突破。临床上微支抗钉辅助远移上颌磨牙的矫治设计种类繁多,被广泛应用于成人安氏II类错牙合患者。本文就微支抗钉辅助上颌磨牙远移的各类矫治设计,微支抗钉直径、长度的选择,和植入部位的选择及操作考量进行综合回顾,以期为临床治疗提供参考。Upper molar distalization is one of important treatment strategies in the correction of mild to moderate Angle Calss Ⅱ malocclusion.Correcting the Calss Ⅱ molar relationship by non-tooth extraction orthodontic method not only preserves more functional teeth for patients,but also effectively shortens the treatment time.The key to distaliztion is the control of anchorages.Because the traditional anchorage method is difficult to completely counteract the reaction force of molar distal displacement,there will be different degrees of anterior anchorage loss.For a long time,maxillary molar displacement was limited to adolescents who had not yet had their second permanent molars.With the advent of micro-implant,a more reliable anchorage,it overcomes shortcomings of traditional anchorages and improves the treatment effect.There are many kinds of designs for upper molars distalization assisted by micro-implant in clinical practice.This review comprehensively summarizes various kinds of designs,selection of micro-implant in diameter and length,site of placement and operational considerations related to upper molar distalization aided by micro-implant and provides clinical guidance for treatment.

关 键 词：上颌磨牙远移 支抗 微支抗钉 正畸 

分 类 号：R783.5[医药卫生—口腔医学]